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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved over the past decade and has advanced in areas such as language comprehension, image and video recognition, programming, and scientific reasoning. Recent AI technologies based on large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jonghong Jeon

Ttraditional safety engineering is coming to a turning point moving from deterministic, non-evolving systems operating in well-defined contexts to increasingly autonomous and learning-enabled AI systems which are acting in largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Harald Rueß , Simon Burton

The governance of frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems--particularly those capable of catastrophic misuse or systemic failure--requires institutional structures that are robust, adaptive, and innovation-preserving. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Nicholas Stetler

AI advancements have been significantly driven by a combination of foundation models and curiosity-driven learning aimed at increasing capability and adaptability. Within this landscape, open-endedness, where AI agents autonomously and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ivaxi Sheth , Jan Wehner , Sahar Abdelnabi , Ruta Binkyte , Mario Fritz

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize various sectors, yet its adoption is often hindered by concerns about data privacy, security, and the understanding of AI capabilities. This paper synthesizes AI governance…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Dian W. Tjondronegoro

AI documentation is a rapidly-growing channel for coordinating the design of AI technologies with policies for transparency and accessibility. Calls to standardize and enact documentation of algorithmic harms and impacts are now…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Soham Mehta , Anderson Rogers , Thomas Krendl Gilbert

This article examines the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) regulation in financial services, detailing the legal frameworks and compliance challenges posed by rapid technological adoption. By reviewing current legislation,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shahmar Mirishli

The excitement brought by the development of AI agents came alongside arising problems. These concerns centered around users' trust issues towards AIs, the risks involved, and the difficulty of attributing responsibilities and liabilities.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jiayun Mo , Xin Kang , Tieyan Li , Zhongding Lei

As AI systems become more advanced, companies and regulators will make difficult decisions about whether it is safe to train and deploy them. To prepare for these decisions, we investigate how developers could make a 'safety case,' which is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Joshua Clymer , Nick Gabrieli , David Krueger , Thomas Larsen

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), including AI in Science (AIS), should be done following the principles of responsible AI. Progress in responsible AI is often quantified through evaluation metrics, yet there has been less…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Theresia Veronika Rampisela , Maria Maistro , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Christina Lioma

In this position paper, we address the persistent gap between rapidly growing AI capabilities and lagging safety progress. Existing paradigms divide into ``Make AI Safe'', which applies post-hoc alignment and guardrails but remains brittle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Youbang Sun , Xiang Wang , Jie Fu , Chaochao Lu , Bowen Zhou

Legislation and public sentiment throughout the world have promoted fairness metrics, explainability, and interpretability as prescriptions for the responsible development of ethical artificial intelligence systems. Despite the importance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Erick Galinkin

To build AI-based systems that users and the public can justifiably trust one needs to understand how machine learning technologies impact trust put in these services. To guide technology developments, this paper provides a systematic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Ehsan Toreini , Mhairi Aitken , Kovila Coopamootoo , Karen Elliott , Carlos Gonzalez Zelaya , Aad van Moorsel

The increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence across multiple industry sectors necessitates robust mechanisms for ensuring transparency, trust, and auditability of its development and deployment. This topic is particularly important…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Kar Balan , Robert Learney , Tim Wood

As artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) models and foundation models (FMs), is increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains, ensuring their trustworthiness has become a central challenge. However, the core…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ruta Binkyte , Ivaxi Sheth , Zhijing Jin , Mohammad Havaei , Bernhard Schölkopf , Mario Fritz

The complex and evolving threat landscape of frontier AI development requires a multi-layered approach to risk management ("defense-in-depth"). By reviewing cybersecurity and AI frameworks, we outline three approaches that can help identify…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Shaun Ee , Joe O'Brien , Zoe Williams , Amanda El-Dakhakhni , Michael Aird , Alex Lintz

In a time of rapidly evolving military threats and increasingly complex operational environments, the integration of AI into military operations proves significant advantages. At the same time, this implies various challenges and risks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Clara Maathuis , Kasper Cools

As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly powerful, they pose growing risks to international security, creating urgent coordination challenges that current governance approaches struggle to address without compromising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 James Petrie , Onni Aarne , Nora Ammann , David Dalrymple

Traditional rule-based cybersecurity systems have proven highly effective against known malware threats. However, they face challenges in detecting novel threats. To address this issue, emerging cybersecurity systems are incorporating AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Tobias Becher , Simon Torka

Since the publication of the first International AI Safety Report, AI capabilities have continued to improve across key domains. New training techniques that teach AI systems to reason step-by-step and inference-time enhancements have…