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One of the most promising approaches for unsupervised learning is combining deep representation learning and deep clustering. Some recent works propose to simultaneously learn representation using deep neural networks and perform clustering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Mina Rezaei , Emilio Dorigatti , David Ruegamer , Bernd Bischl

Given a similarity metric, contrastive methods learn a representation in which examples that are similar are pushed together and examples that are dissimilar are pulled apart. Contrastive learning techniques have been utilized extensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Emily Mu , John Guttag , Maggie Makar

In-context learning (ICL) enhances the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by prepending a few demonstrations. It motivates researchers to introduce more examples to provide additional contextual information for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jun Gao , Qi Lv , Zili Wang , Tianxiang Wu , Ziqiang Cao , Wenjie Li

Learning high-quality, robust, efficient, and disentangled representations is a central challenge in artificial intelligence (AI). Deep metric learning frameworks tackle this challenge primarily using architectural and optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shreyas Gokhale

Self-training methods have proven to be effective in exploiting abundant unlabeled data in semi-supervised learning, particularly when labeled data is scarce. While many of these approaches rely on a cross-entropy loss function (CE), recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Aurelien Gauffre , Julien Horvat , Massih-Reza Amini

Supervised contrastive learning (SupCon) has proven to be a powerful alternative to the standard cross-entropy loss for classification of multi-class balanced datasets. However, it struggles to learn well-conditioned representations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 David Mildenberger , Paul Hager , Daniel Rueckert , Martin J Menten

In this paper, we propose FairNN a neural network that performs joint feature representation and classification for fairness-aware learning. Our approach optimizes a multi-objective loss function in which (a) learns a fair representation by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Tongxin Hu , Vasileios Iosifidis , Wentong Liao , Hang Zhang , Michael YingYang , Eirini Ntoutsi , Bodo Rosenhahn

Standard meta-learning for representation learning aims to find a common representation to be shared across multiple tasks. The effectiveness of these methods is often limited when the nuances of the tasks' distribution cannot be captured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Giulia Denevi , Massimiliano Pontil , Carlo Ciliberto

Contrastive learning has gained popularity and pushes state-of-the-art performance across numerous large-scale benchmarks. In contrastive learning, the contrastive loss function plays a pivotal role in discerning similarities between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haojin Deng , Yimin Yang

In this paper we introduce the SCoRe (Submodular Combinatorial Representation Learning) framework, a novel approach in representation learning that addresses inter-class bias and intra-class variance. SCoRe provides a new combinatorial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Anay Majee , Suraj Kothawade , Krishnateja Killamsetty , Rishabh Iyer

Recent advancements in both representation learning and function learning have demonstrated substantial promise across diverse domains of artificial intelligence. However, the effective integration of these paradigms poses a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yunhong He , Yifeng Xie , Zhengqing Yuan , Lichao Sun

This paper introduces a novel perspective about error in machine learning and proposes inverse feature learning (IFL) as a representation learning approach that learns a set of high-level features based on the representation of error for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Behzad Ghazanfari , Fatemeh Afghah

In recent years, representation learning has become the research focus of the machine learning community. Large-scale neural networks are a crucial step toward achieving general intelligence, with their success largely attributed to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Lifeng Gu

Cross entropy loss has served as the main objective function for classification-based tasks. Widely deployed for learning neural network classifiers, it shows both effectiveness and a probabilistic interpretation. Recently, after the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Rahaf Aljundi , Yash Patel , Milan Sulc , Daniel Olmeda , Nikolay Chumerin

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

Modern image retrieval methods typically rely on fine-tuning pre-trained encoders to extract image-level descriptors. However, the most widely used models are pre-trained on ImageNet-1K with limited classes. The pre-trained feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Xiang An , Jiankang Deng , Kaicheng Yang , Jaiwei Li , Ziyong Feng , Jia Guo , Jing Yang , Tongliang Liu

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great success in skin lesion classification. A balanced dataset is required to train a good model. However, due to the appearance of different skin lesions in practice, severe or even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Keyu Chen , Di Zhuang , J. Morris Chang

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been proved to be a powerful self-supervised approach for a wide range of domains, including computer vision and graph representation learning. However, the incremental learning issue of CL has rarely been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Cheng Ji , Jianxin Li , Hao Peng , Jia Wu , Xingcheng Fu , Qingyun Sun , Phillip S. Yu

We propose a visual-linguistic representation learning approach within a self-supervised learning framework by introducing a new operation, loss, and data augmentation strategy. First, we generate diverse features for the image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Jaeyoo Park , Bohyung Han

The increasing scale of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) introduces the need for compression techniques such as pruning, quantization, and low-rank decomposition. While these methods are very effective at reducing memory, computation, and energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Lorenzo Nikiforos , Luciano Prono , Charalampos Antoniadis , Fabio Pareschi , Riccardo Rovatti , Gianluca Setti