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The solar-neutrino detectors GALLEX and SAGE were calibrated by electron-neutrino flux from the $^{37}$Ar and $^{51}$Cr calibration sources. A deficit in the measured neutrino flux was recorded by counting the number of neutrino-induced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-01-29 Joel Kostensalo , Santtu Tikka , Jouni Suhonen

In order to test the end-to-end operations of gallium solar neutrino experiments, intense electron-capture sources were fabricated to measure the responses of the radiochemical SAGE and GALLEX/GNO detectors to known fluxes of low-energy…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-06-07 Steven R. Elliott , Vladimir Gavrin , Wick Haxton

We calculate the statistical significance of the anomalous deficit of electron neutrinos measured in the radioactive source experiments of the GALLEX and SAGE solar neutrino detectors taking into account the uncertainty of the detection…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-08-02 Carlo Giunti , Marco Laveder

A series of experiments studying neutrinos from intense radioactive sources have reported a deficit in the measured event rate which, in combination, has reached a statistical significance of $\sim 5\sigma$. In this paper, we explore…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-02 Vedran Brdar , Julia Gehrlein , Joachim Kopp

The gallium anomaly, i.e. the missing electron-neutrino flux from $^{37}$Ar and $^{51}$Cr electron-capture decays as measured by the GALLEX and SAGE solar-neutrino detectors, has been among us already for about two decades. We present here…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-07-10 Joel Kostensalo , Jouni Suhonen , Carlo Giunti , Praveen C. Srivastava

O(1) eV sterile neutrino can be responsible for a number of anomalous results of neutrino oscillation experiments. This hypothesis may be tested at short base-line neutrino oscillation experiments, several of which are either ongoing or…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-04-11 Vladislav Barinov , Bruce Cleveland , Vladimir Gavrin , Dmitry Gorbunov , Tatiana Ibragimova

The significance of the Gallium Anomaly, from the BEST, GALLEX, and SAGE radioactive source experiments, is quantified using different theoretical calculations of the neutrino detection cross section, and its explanation due to neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-09 C. Giunti , Y. F. Li , C. A. Ternes , O. Tyagi , Z. Xin

In the recent Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST), a suppressed rate of neutrino absorption on a gallium target was observed, consistent with earlier results from neutrino source calibrations of the SAGE and GALLEX/GNO solar…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-07-11 S. R. Elliott , V. N. Gavrin , W. C. Haxton , T. V. Ibragimova , E. J. Rule

For over thirty years, a $\sim20\%$ deficit, now exceeding $5\sigma$, has persisted between measured and predicted neutrino capture rates on $^{71}$Ga, as observed in radioactive source experiments (namely GALLEX, SAGE, and more recently…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-21 M. Cadeddu , N. Cargioli , F. Dordei , L. Ferro , C. Giunti , M. Pitzalis

The gallium anomaly, a persistent discrepancy exceeding $4\sigma$ in the $^{71}$Ga neutrino capture rates from $^{51}$Cr and $^{37}$Ar radioactive sources by the GALLEX, SAGE, and recently BEST experiments, has challenged particle physics…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-09 M. Cadeddu , N. Cargioli , G. Carotenuto , F. Dordei , L. Ferro , C. Giunti

We study the online detection by gallium capture of mono-energetic neutrinos produced by a $^{51}$Cr radioactive source in a scintillation experiment. We find that cerium-doped gadolinium aluminum gallium garnet (GAGG) is a suitable…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-24 Patrick Huber

The article describes a new experiment with an artificial neutrino source 58Co on a gallium target GGNT (SAGE). The goal of the experiment is to study the gallium anomaly. The experiment makes it possible to find the parameters of…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-01-15 V. N. Gavrin , V. V. Gorbachev , T. V. Ibragimova , V. A. Matveev

We consider an alternative explanation for the deficit of nu_e in Ga solar neutrino calibration experiments and of the anti nu_e in short baseline reactor experiments by a model where neutrinos can oscillate into sterile Kaluza-Klein modes…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-05-29 P. A. N. Machado , H. Nunokawa , F. A. Pereira dos Santos , R. Zukanovich Funchal

Several observed anomalies in neutrino oscillation data could be explained by a hypothetical fourth neutrino separated from the three standard neutrinos by a squared mass difference of a few 0.1 eV$^2$ or more. This hypothesis can be tested…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 Th. Lasserre

The 51Cr neutrino source experiments play a unique role in testing overall operations of the GALLEX and SAGE solar neutrino experiments. Recently Hata and Haxton argued that the excited-state contribution to the 71Ga cross section for 51Cr…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 W. C. Haxton

Gallium radioactive source experiments have reported a neutrino-induced event rate about 20\% lower than expected with a high statistical significance. We present an explanation of this observation assuming quantum decoherence of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-19 Yasaman Farzan , Thomas Schwetz

Baksan Experiment on Sterile Neutrino (BEST) is presently at the stage of production of the artificial neutrino source Cr-51, the gallium exposure will start in July and proceed for three months. While aiming specifically at investigating…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-03 Vladislav Barinov , Vladimir Gavrin , Valery Gorbachev , Dmitry Gorbunov , Tatiana Ibragimova

The Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST) probes the gallium anomaly and its possible connections to oscillations between active and sterile neutrinos. Based on the Gallium-Germanium Neutrino Telescope (GGNT) technology of the…

The gallium anomaly has a global significance of greater than $5\sigma$. Most viable BSM solutions quickly run into strong tensions with reactor and solar neutrino data. We propose to use indium (${}^{115}\text{In}$) as a target as it…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-11 Garv Chauhan , Patrick Huber

Recently the Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST) has presented results confirming the gallium anomaly -- a lack of electron neutrinos $\nu_e$ at calibrations of SAGE and GALLEX -- at the statistical significance exceeding…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-23 Vladislav Barinov , Dmitry Gorbunov
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