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Deep learning software demands reliability and performance. However, many of the existing deep learning frameworks are software libraries that act as an unsafe DSL in Python and a computation graph interpreter. We present DLVM, a design and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Richard Wei , Lane Schwartz , Vikram Adve

The growing adoption of smart contracts on blockchains poses new security risks that can lead to significant monetary loss, while existing approaches either provide no (or partial) security guarantees for smart contracts or require huge…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Shaokai Lin , Xinyuan Sun , Jianan Yao , Ronghui Gu

Smart contract is one of the core features of Ethereum and has inspired many blockchain descendants. Since its advent, the verification paradigm of smart contract has been improving toward high scalability. It shifts from the expensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Zihan Zheng , Peichen Xie , Xian Zhang , Shuo Chen , Yang Chen , Xiaobing Guo , Guangzhong Sun , Guangyu Sun , Lidong Zhou

As Ethereum continues to thrive, the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) has become the cornerstone powering tens of millions of active smart contracts. Intuitively, security issues in EVMs could lead to inconsistent behaviors among smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Jie Ma , Ningyu He , Jinwen Xi , Mingzhe Xing , Haoyu Wang , Ying Gao , Yinliang Yue

Smart contract technology facilitates self-executing agreements on the blockchain, eliminating dependency on an external trusted authority. However, smart contracts may expose vulnerabilities that can lead to financial losses and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Emre Balci , Timucin Aydede , Gorkem Yilmaz , Ece Gelal Soyak

Bitcoin has attracted everyone's attention and interest recently. Ethereum (ETH), a second generation cryptocurrency, extends Bitcoin's design by offering a Turing-complete programming language called Solidity to develop smart contracts.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Jiao Jiao , Shuanglong Kan , Shang-Wei Lin , David Sanan , Yang Liu , Jun Sun

The deployment of neural networks on heterogeneous SoCs coupled with custom accelerators is a challenging task because of the lack of end-to-end software tools provided for these systems. Moreover, the already available low level schedules…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 F. N. Peccia , O. Bringmann

We present DyMU, an efficient, training-free framework that dynamically reduces the computational burden of vision-language models (VLMs) while maintaining high task performance. Our approach comprises two key components. First, Dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zhenhailong Wang , Senthil Purushwalkam , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , Heng Ji , Ran Xu

In this work we propose Dynamit, a monitoring framework to detect reentrancy vulnerabilities in Ethereum smart contracts. The novelty of our framework is that it relies only on transaction metadata and balance data from the blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Mojtaba Eshghie , Cyrille Artho , Dilian Gurov

Large language models are increasingly applied to various development scenarios. However, in on-chain transaction scenarios, even a minor error can cause irreversible loss for users. Existing evaluations often overlook execution accuracy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Pei Yang , Wanyi Chen , Ke Wang , Lynn Ai , Eric Yang , Tianyu Shi

Smart contracts are programs running on cryptocurrency (e.g., Ethereum) blockchains, whose popularity stem from the possibility to perform financial transactions, such as payments and auctions, in a distributed environment without need for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Ilya Grishchenko , Matteo Maffei , Clara Schneidewind

We present VeriSmart, a highly precise verifier for ensuring arithmetic safety of Ethereum smart contracts. Writing safe smart contracts without unintended behavior is critically important because smart contracts are immutable and even a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Sunbeom So , Myungho Lee , Jisu Park , Heejo Lee , Hakjoo Oh

Ethereum smart contracts are programs that run on the Ethereum blockchain, and many smart contract vulnerabilities have been discovered in the past decade. Many security analysis tools have been created to detect such vulnerabilities, but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Nami Ashizawa , Naoto Yanai , Jason Paul Cruz , Shingo Okamura

Smart contracts are programs that execute inside blockchains such as Ethereum to manipulate digital assets. Since bugs in smart contracts may lead to substantial financial losses, there is considerable interest in formally proving their…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Christian Bräm , Marco Eilers , Peter Müller , Robin Sierra , Alexander J. Summers

With the advent of blockchain technologies, the idea of decentralized applications has gained traction. Smart contracts permit the implementation of application logic to foster distributed systems that are capable of removing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Martin Westerkamp

Popular blockchains such as Ethereum and several others execute complex transactions in blocks through user-defined scripts known as smart contracts. Serial execution of smart contract transactions/atomic-units (AUs) fails to harness the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Parwat Singh Anjana , Sweta Kumari , Sathya Peri , Sachin Rathor , Archit Somani

Test-time scaling is an important mechanism for improving large language models, especially on tasks with deterministic verifiers. Code translation is a canonical example: the source program constrains valid outputs, while compilers, type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tianyang Zhou , Somesh Jha , Mihai Christodorescu , Kirill Levchenko , Varun Chandrasekaran

This paper reports on the development of a formal symbolic process virtual machine (FSPVM) denoted as FSPVM-E for verifying the reliability and security of Ethereum-based services at the source code level of smart contracts, and a Coq proof…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Zheng Yang , Hang Lei , Weizhong Qian

Smart-contract exploits have caused billions of USD in cumulative losses, yet audits remain expensive and slow. Automated tools have emerged to close this gap, but each class has a characteristic failure mode. Static analyzers report…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Gabriela Dobrita , Simona-Vasilica Oprea , Adela Bara

Shifted-and-Duplicated-Kernel (SDK) mapping has emerged as an effective strategy to accelerate convolutional layers on compute-in-memory (CIM) hardware. However, existing SDK variants (e.g., VWC-SDK) merely optimize mapping for a single CIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ke Dong , Kejie Huang , Tao Luo , Bo Wang