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Related papers: ToF-Splatting: Dense SLAM using Sparse Time-of-Fli…

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The reliability of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is severely constrained in environments where visual inputs suffer from noise and low illumination. Although recent 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) based SLAM frameworks achieve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Huilin Yin , Zhaolin Yang , Linchuan Zhang , Gerhard Rigoll , Johannes Betz

In recent years, computational Time-of-Flight (ToF) imaging has emerged as an exciting and a novel imaging modality that offers new and powerful interpretations of natural scenes, with applications extending to 3D, light-in-flight, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Ruiming Guo , Ayush Bhandari

Time of Flight (ToF) is a prevalent depth sensing technology in the fields of robotics, medical imaging, and non-destructive testing. Yet, ToF sensing faces challenges from complex ambient conditions making an inverse modelling from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Christopher Hahne , Michel Hayoz , Raphael Sznitman

Direct time-of-flight (dToF) sensors are promising for next-generation on-device 3D sensing. However, limited by manufacturing capabilities in a compact module, the dToF data has a low spatial resolution (e.g., $\sim 20\times30$ for iPhone…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-05 Zhanghao Sun , Wei Ye , Jinhui Xiong , Gyeongmin Choe , Jialiang Wang , Shuochen Su , Rakesh Ranjan

3D Time-of-Flight (ToF) image sensors are used widely in applications such as self-driving cars, Augmented Reality (AR) and robotics. When implemented with Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs), compact, array format sensors can be made…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-22 Germán Mora Martín , Stirling Scholes , Alice Ruget , Robert K. Henderson , Jonathan Leach , Istvan Gyongy

A variety of techniques such as light field, structured illumination, and time-of-flight (TOF) are commonly used for depth acquisition in consumer imaging, robotics and many other applications. Unfortunately, each technique suffers from its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Suren Jayasuriya , Adithya Pediredla , Sriram Sivaramakrishnan , Alyosha Molnar , Ashok Veeraraghavan

Long-distance depth imaging holds great promise for applications such as autonomous driving and robotics. Direct time-of-flight (dToF) imaging offers high-precision, long-distance depth sensing, yet demands ultra-short pulse light sources…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Manchao Bao , Shengjiang Fang , Tao Yue , Xuemei Hu

Semantic-aware 3D scene reconstruction is essential for autonomous robots to perform complex interactions. Semantic SLAM, an online approach, integrates pose tracking, geometric reconstruction, and semantic mapping into a unified framework,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zuxing Lu , Xin Yuan , Shaowen Yang , Jingyu Liu , Changyin Sun

Lightweight direct Time-of-Flight (dToF) sensors are ideal for 3D sensing on mobile devices. However, due to the manufacturing constraints of compact devices and the inherent physical principles of imaging, dToF depth maps are sparse and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xuan Zhu , Jijun Xiang , Xianqi Wang , Longliang Liu , Yu Wang , Hong Zhang , Fei Guo , Xin Yang

Recent progress in dense SLAM has primarily targeted monocular setups, often at the expense of robustness and geometric coverage. We present MCGS-SLAM, the first purely RGB-based multi-camera SLAM system built on 3D Gaussian Splatting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhihao Cao , Hanyu Wu , Li Wa Tang , Zizhou Luo , Wei Zhang , Marc Pollefeys , Zihan Zhu , Martin R. Oswald

We propose $S^3$LAM, a novel RGB-D SLAM system that leverages 2D surfel splatting to achieve highly accurate geometric representations for simultaneous tracking and mapping. Unlike existing 3DGS-based SLAM approaches that rely on 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ruoyu Fan , Yuhui Wen , Jiajia Dai , Tao Zhang , Long Zeng , Yong-jin Liu

Time of flight cameras may emerge as the 3-D sensor of choice. Today, time of flight sensors use phase-based sampling, where the phase delay between emitted and received, high-frequency signals encodes distance. In this paper, we present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-11 Achuta Kadambi , Vage Taamazyan , Suren Jayasuriya , Ramesh Raskar

Indirect Time-of-Flight (iToF) cameras are a widespread type of 3D sensor, which perform multiple captures to obtain depth values of the captured scene. While recent approaches to correct iToF depths achieve high performance when removing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Michael Schelling , Pedro Hermosilla , Timo Ropinski

In this paper, we propose a RGB-D SLAM system that reconstructs a language-aligned dense feature field while sustaining low-latency tracking and mapping. First, we introduce a Top-K Rendering pipeline, a high-throughput and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Seongbo Ha , Sibaek Lee , Kyungsu Kang , Joonyeol Choi , Seungjun Tak , Hyeonwoo Yu

Time-of-flight (TOF) cameras are sensors that can measure the depths of scene-points, by illuminating the scene with a controlled laser or LED source, and then analyzing the reflected light. In this paper, we will first describe the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Radu Horaud , Miles Hansard , Georgios Evangelidis , Clement Menier

Time-of-Flight (ToF) cameras require active illumination to obtain depth information thus the power of illumination directly affects the performance of ToF cameras. Traditional ToF imaging algorithms is very sensitive to illumination and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Yan Chen , Jimmy Ren , Xuanye Cheng , Keyuan Qian , Jinwei Gu

Achieving real-time Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) based on 3D Gaussian splatting (3DGS) in large-scale real-world environments remains challenging, as existing methods still struggle to jointly achieve low-latency pose…

In this paper, we propose a tightly-coupled SLAM system fused with RGB, Depth, IMU and structured plane information. Traditional sparse points based SLAM systems always maintain a mass of map points to model the environment. Huge number of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Danpeng Chen , Shuai Wang , Weijian Xie , Shangjin Zhai , Nan Wang , Hujun Bao , Guofeng Zhang

Current Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods based on Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) or 3D Gaussian Splatting excel in reconstructing static 3D scenes but struggle with tracking and reconstruction in dynamic environments,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Mingrui Li , Yiming Zhou , Hongxing Zhou , Xinggang Hu , Florian Roemer , Hongyu Wang , Ahmad Osman

We introduce Doppler time-of-flight (D-ToF) rendering, an extension of ToF rendering for dynamic scenes, with applications in simulating D-ToF cameras. D-ToF cameras use high-frequency modulation of illumination and exposure, and measure…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Juhyeon Kim , Wojciech Jarosz , Ioannis Gkioulekas , Adithya Pediredla