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Designing effective data manipulation methods is a long standing problem in data lakes. Traditional methods, which rely on rules or machine learning models, require extensive human efforts on training data collection and tuning models.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Yichen Qian , Yongyi He , Rong Zhu , Jintao Huang , Zhijian Ma , Haibin Wang , Yaohua Wang , Xiuyu Sun , Defu Lian , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Large Language Models exhibit mode collapse, producing homogeneous outputs that fail to explore valid solution spaces. We present QD-LLM, a framework for parameter-efficient neuroevolution that evolves prompt embeddings, compact neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Dongxin Guo , Jikun Wu , Siu Ming Yiu

Recent research has highlighted the importance of data quality in scaling large language models (LLMs). However, automated data quality control faces unique challenges in collaborative settings where sharing is not allowed directly between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Wanru Zhao , Hongxiang Fan , Shell Xu Hu , Wangchunshu Zhou , Bofan Chen , Nicholas D. Lane

Data quality has become a key factor in enhancing model performance with the rapid development of large language models (LLMs). Model-driven data filtering has increasingly become a primary approach for acquiring high-quality data. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Yudong Wang , Zixuan Fu , Jie Cai , Peijun Tang , Hongya Lyu , Yewei Fang , Zhi Zheng , Jie Zhou , Guoyang Zeng , Chaojun Xiao , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu

High-quality Question-Answer (QA) datasets are foundational for reliable Large Language Model (LLM) evaluation, yet even expert-crafted datasets exhibit persistent gaps in domain coverage, misaligned difficulty distributions, and factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xiaonan Luo , Yue Huang , Ping He , Xiangliang Zhang

Over recent years, an increasing amount of compute and data has been poured into training large language models (LLMs), usually by doing one-pass learning on as many tokens as possible randomly selected from large-scale web corpora. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Kushal Tirumala , Daniel Simig , Armen Aghajanyan , Ari S. Morcos

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

Data selection for finetuning Large Language Models (LLMs) can be framed as a budget-constrained optimization problem: maximizing a model's downstream performance under a strict training data budget. Solving this problem is generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Animesh Jha , Harshit Gupta , Ananjan Nandi

Finetuning large language models on instruction data is crucial for enhancing pre-trained knowledge and improving instruction-following capabilities. As instruction datasets proliferate, selecting optimal data for effective training becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Simon Yu , Liangyu Chen , Sara Ahmadian , Marzieh Fadaee

The data mixture for large language model pre-training significantly impacts performance, yet how to determine an effective mixture remains unclear. We propose RegMix to automatically identify a high-performing data mixture by formulating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Qian Liu , Xiaosen Zheng , Niklas Muennighoff , Guangtao Zeng , Longxu Dou , Tianyu Pang , Jing Jiang , Min Lin

Data-efficient learning aims to eliminate redundancy in large training datasets by training models on smaller subsets of the most informative examples. While data selection has been extensively explored for vision models and large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Nilay Naharas , Dang Nguyen , Nesihan Bulut , Mohammadhossein Bateni , Vahab Mirrokni , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Quality-Diversity (QD) algorithms have emerged as a powerful optimization paradigm with the aim of generating a set of high-quality and diverse solutions. To achieve such a challenging goal, QD algorithms require maintaining a large archive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ren-Jian Wang , Ke Xue , Cong Guan , Chao Qian

With the remarkable generative capabilities of large language models (LLMs), using LLM-generated data to train downstream models has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate data scarcity in specific domains and reduce time-consuming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Yuchang Zhu , Huazhen Zhong , Qunshu Lin , Haotong Wei , Xiaolong Sun , Zixuan Yu , Minghao Liu , Zibin Zheng , Liang Chen

Data plays a fundamental role in training Large Language Models (LLMs). Efficient data management, particularly in formulating a well-suited training dataset, is significant for enhancing model performance and improving training efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zige Wang , Wanjun Zhong , Yufei Wang , Qi Zhu , Fei Mi , Baojun Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Instruction tuning, a specialized technique to enhance large language model (LLM) performance via instruction datasets, relies heavily on the quality of employed data. Existing quality improvement methods alter instruction data through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Yang Xu , Yongqiang Yao , Yufan Huang , Mengnan Qi , Maoquan Wang , Bin Gu , Neel Sundaresan

When selecting data for training large-scale models, standard practice is to filter for examples that match human notions of data quality. Such filtering yields qualitatively clean datapoints that intuitively should improve model behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Logan Engstrom , Axel Feldmann , Aleksander Madry

Large language models (LLMs) have become integral to a wide range of applications worldwide, driving an unprecedented global demand for effective multilingual capabilities. Central to achieving robust multilingual performance is the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ping Guo , Yubing Ren , Binbin Liu , Fengze Liu , Haobin Lin , Yifan Zhang , Bingni Zhang , Taifeng Wang , Yin Zheng

Large volumes of text data have contributed significantly to the development of large language models (LLMs) in recent years. This data is typically acquired by scraping the internet, leading to pretraining datasets comprised of noisy web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Max Marion , Ahmet Üstün , Luiza Pozzobon , Alex Wang , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

Curriculum learning-organizing training data from easy to hard-has improved efficiency across machine learning domains, yet remains underexplored for language model pretraining. We present the first systematic investigation of curriculum…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yang Zhang , Amr Mohamed , Hadi Abdine , Guokan Shang , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of tasks and domains, with data preparation playing a critical role in achieving these results. Pre-training data typically combines information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Hao Liang , Keshi Zhao , Yajie Yang , Bin Cui , Guosheng Dong , Zenan Zhou , Wentao Zhang