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Subsystem symmetry protected topological (SSPT) order is a type of quantum order that is protected by symmetries acting on lower-dimensional subsystems of the entire system. In this paper, we show how SSPT order can be characterized and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-09-06 David T. Stephen , Henrik Dreyer , Mohsin Iqbal , Norbert Schuch

We explore the landscape of the decoherence effect in mixed-state ensembles from a purification perspective. We analyze the spontaneous strong-to-weak symmetry breaking (SSSB) in mixed states triggered by local quantum channels by mapping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Pablo Sala , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Masaki Oshikawa , Yizhi You

Discovering and categorizing quantum orders in mixed many-body systems are currently one of the most important problems. Target model in this study is an extended version of the cluster model in one dimension with $Z_2\otimes Z_2$ symmetry,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Yoshihito Kuno , Takahiro Orito , Ikuo Ichinose

Recent experimental progress in controlling open quantum systems enables the pursuit of mixed-state nonequilibrium quantum phases. We investigate whether open quantum systems hosting mixed-state symmetry-protected topological states as…

We present a family of local quantum channels whose steady-states exhibit stable mixed-state symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order. Motivated by recent experimental progress on "erasure conversion" techniques that allow one to identify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Sanket Chirame , Fiona J. Burnell , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Abhinav Prem

We investigate the influence of local decoherence on a symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase of the two-dimensional (2D) cluster state. Mapping the 2D cluster state under decoherence to a classical spin model, we show a topological…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-06 Yuxuan Guo , Yuto Ashida

Topologically-ordered phases of matter at non-zero temperature are conjectured to exhibit universal patterns of long-range entanglement which may be detected by a mixed-state entanglement measure known as entanglement negativity. We show…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-28 Tsung-Cheng Lu , Sagar Vijay

Identifying topological properties is a major challenge because, by definition, topological states do not have a local order parameter. While a generic solution to this challenge is not available yet, a broad class of topological states,…

We systematically investigate the robustness of symmetry protected topological (SPT) order in open quantum systems by studying the evolution of string order parameters and other probes under noisy channels. We find that one-dimensional SPT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Caroline de Groot , Alex Turzillo , Norbert Schuch

Discovering mixed state quantum orders is an on-going issue. Recently, it has been recognized that there are (at least) two kinds of symmetries in the mixed state; strong and weak symmetries. Under symmetry-respective decoherence,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Yoshihito Kuno , Takahiro Orito , Ikuo Ichinose

We employ strange correlators to detect 2D subsystem symmetry-protected topological (SSPT) phases which are nontrivial topological phases protected by subsystem symmetries. Specifically, we analytically construct efficient strange…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-12-26 Chengkang Zhou , Meng-Yuan Li , Zheng Yan , Peng Ye , Zi Yang Meng

We study ensembles described by density matrices with potentially nontrivial topological features. In particular, we study a class of symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases under various types of decoherence, which can drive a pure SPT…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-01-29 Jong Yeon Lee , Yi-Zhuang You , Cenke Xu

We study measurement-induced symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order in a wide class of quantum random circuit models by combining calculations within the stabilizer formalism with tensor network simulations. We construct a family of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-08 Raúl Morral-Yepes , Frank Pollmann , Izabella Lovas

We discuss the symmetry-protected topological (SPT) orders for bosonic systems from an information-theoretic viewpoint. We show that with a proper choice of the onsite basis, the degenerate ground-state space of SPT orders (on a manifold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-15 Bei Zeng , Duan-Lu Zhou

Mixed-state phases of matter under local decoherence have recently garnered significant attention due to the ubiquitous presence of noise in current quantum processors. One of the key issues is understanding how topological quantum memory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Seunghun Lee , Eun-Gook Moon

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is the cornerstone of our understanding of quantum phases of matter. Recent works have generalized this concept to the domain of mixed states in open quantum systems, where symmetries can be realized in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Xiaozhou Feng , Zihan Cheng , Matteo Ippoliti

The interplay of symmetry and topology in quantum many-body mixed states has recently garnered significant interest. In a phenomenon not seen in pure states, mixed states can exhibit average symmetries -- symmetries that act on component…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Ruochen Ma , Alex Turzillo

We propose {\it measurement-producing hierarchy} emerging among correlated states by sequential subsystem projective measurements. We start from symmetry-protected-topological (SPT) cluster states with a large symmetry and apply sequential…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-26 Yoshihito Kuno , Takahiro Orito , Ikuo Ichinose

Quantum entanglement is a particularly useful characterization of topological orders which lack conventional order parameters. In this work, we study the entanglement in topologically ordered states between two arbitrary spatial regions,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-08-01 Chao Yin , Shang Liu

Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases are fundamental features of cluster states, serving as key resources for measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC). Generating large-scale cluster states and verifying their SPT phases are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Tao Jiang , Jianbin Cai , Junxiang Huang , Naibin Zhou , Yukun Zhang , Jiahao Bei , Guoqing Cai , Sirui Cao , Fusheng Chen , Jiang Chen , Kefu Chen , Xiawei Chen , Xiqing Chen , Zhe Chen , Zhiyuan Chen , Zihua Chen , Wenhao Chu , Hui Deng , Zhibin Deng , Pei Ding , Xun Ding , Zhuzhengqi Ding , Shuai Dong , Bo Fan , Daojin Fan , Yuanhao Fu , Dongxin Gao , Lei Ge , Jiacheng Gui , Cheng Guo , Shaojun Guo , Xiaoyang Guo , Lianchen Han , Tan He , Linyin Hong , Yisen Hu , He-Liang Huang , Yong-Heng Huo , Zuokai Jiang , Honghong Jin , Yunxiang Leng , Dayu Li , Dongdong Li , Fangyu Li , Jiaqi Li , Jinjin Li , Junyan Li , Junyun Li , Na Li , Shaowei Li , Wei Li , Yuhuai Li , Yuan Li , Futian Liang , Xuelian Liang , Nanxing Liao , Jin Lin , Weiping Lin , Dailin Liu , Hongxiu Liu , Maliang Liu , Xinyu Liu , Xuemeng Liu , Yancheng Liu , Haoxin Lou , Yuwei Ma , Lingxin Meng , Hao Mou , Kailiang Nan , Binghan Nie , Meijuan Nie , Jie Ning , Le Niu , Wenyi Peng , Haoran Qian , Hao Rong , Tao Rong , Huiyan Shen , Qiong Shen , Hong Su , Feifan Su , Chenyin Sun , Liangchao Sun , Tianzuo Sun , Yingxiu Sun , Yimeng Tan , Jun Tan , Longyue Tang , Wenbing Tu , Jiafei Wang , Biao Wang , Chang Wang , Chen Wang , Chu Wang , Jian Wang , Liangyuan Wang , Rui Wang , Shengtao Wang , Xiaomin Wang , Xinzhe Wang , Xunxun Wang , Yeru Wang , Zuolin Wei , Jiazhou Wei , Dachao Wu , Gang Wu , Jin Wu , Yulin Wu , Shiyong Xie , Lianjie Xin , Yu Xu , Chun Xue , Kai Yan , Weifeng Yang , Xinpeng Yang , Yang Yang , Yangsen Ye , Zhenping Ye , Chong Ying , Jiale Yu , Qinjing Yu , Wenhu Yu , Xiangdong Zeng , Chen Zha , Shaoyu Zhan , Feifei Zhang , Haibin Zhang , Kaili Zhang , Wen Zhang , Yiming Zhang , Yongzhuo Zhang , Lixiang Zhang , Guming Zhao , Peng Zhao , Xintao Zhao , Youwei Zhao , Zhong Zhao , Luyuan Zheng , Fei Zhou , Liang Zhou , Na Zhou , Shifeng Zhou , Shuang Zhou , Zhengxiao Zhou , Chengjun Zhu , Qingling Zhu , Guihong Zou , Haonan Zou , Qiang Zhang , Chao-Yang Lu , Cheng-Zhi Peng , Xiao Yuan , Ming Gong , Xiaobo Zhu , Jian-Wei Pan
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