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Existing convergence analyses of Q-learning mostly focus on the vanilla stochastic gradient descent (SGD) type of updates. Despite the Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) has been commonly used for practical Q-learning algorithms, there has…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-16 Bowen Weng , Huaqing Xiong , Yingbin Liang , Wei Zhang

Adaptive gradient methods such as RMSProp and Adam use exponential moving estimate of the squared gradient to compute adaptive step sizes, achieving better convergence than SGD in face of noisy objectives. However, Adam can have undesirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Chen Zhu , Yu Cheng , Zhe Gan , Furong Huang , Jingjing Liu , Tom Goldstein

This paper introduces AdaSwarm, a novel gradient-free optimizer which has similar or even better performance than the Adam optimizer adopted in neural networks. In order to support our proposed AdaSwarm, a novel Exponentially weighted…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Rohan Mohapatra , Snehanshu Saha , Carlos A. Coello Coello , Anwesh Bhattacharya , Soma S. Dhavala , Sriparna Saha

In recent years, deep learning has achieved remarkable success in various fields such as image recognition, natural language processing, and speech recognition. The effectiveness of deep learning largely depends on the optimization methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 David Shulman

Adaptive gradient methods like AdaGrad are widely used in optimizing neural networks. Yet, existing convergence guarantees for adaptive gradient methods require either convexity or smoothness, and, in the smooth setting, only guarantee…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Xiaoxia Wu , Simon S. Du , Rachel Ward

This paper provides the first tight convergence analyses for RMSProp and Adam in non-convex optimization under the most relaxed assumptions of coordinate-wise generalized smoothness and affine noise variance. We first analyze RMSProp, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-11 Qi Zhang , Yi Zhou , Shaofeng Zou

Adaptive gradient methods have shown excellent performances for solving many machine learning problems. Although multiple adaptive gradient methods were recently studied, they mainly focus on either empirical or theoretical aspects and also…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-13 Feihu Huang , Junyi Li , Heng Huang

Many tasks in modern machine learning are observed to involve heavy-tailed gradient noise during the optimization process. To manage this realistic and challenging setting, new mechanisms, such as gradient clipping and gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Zijian Liu

Second-order optimization methods, which leverage curvature information, offer faster and more stable convergence than first-order methods such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and Adam. However, their practical adoption is hindered by…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Saitao Zhang , Yubiao Luo , Shiqing Wang , Pushen Zuo , Yongxiang Li , Lunshuai Pan , Zheng Miao , Zhong Sun

Deep learning algorithms - typically consisting of a class of deep neural networks trained by a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method - are nowadays the key ingredients in many artificial intelligence (AI) systems and have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Steffen Dereich , Robin Graeber , Arnulf Jentzen

The adaptive gradient online learning method known as AdaGrad has seen widespread use in the machine learning community in stochastic and adversarial online learning problems and more recently in deep learning methods. The method's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Nishant A. Mehta , Alistair Rendell , Anish Varghese , Christfried Webers

For finite-sum optimization, variance-reduced gradient methods (VR) compute at each iteration the gradient of a single function (or of a mini-batch), and yet achieve faster convergence than SGD thanks to a carefully crafted lower-variance…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Bastien Batardière , Joon Kwon

The adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimizer proposed by Kingma & Ba (2014) is presumably the most popular stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method for the training of deep neural networks (DNNs) in artificial intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Steffen Dereich , Thang Do , Arnulf Jentzen

Methods with adaptive stepsizes, such as AdaGrad and Adam, are essential for training modern Deep Learning models, especially Large Language Models. Typically, the noise in the stochastic gradients is heavy-tailed for the later ones.…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in learning algorithms, evaluations, and optimization tasks. Recent studies have shown that using LLM-based optimizers to automatically optimize model prompts, demonstrations, predictions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Guowei Xu , Mert Yuksekgonul , Carlos Guestrin , James Zou

Gradient descent based optimization methods are the methods of choice to train deep neural networks in machine learning. Beyond the standard gradient descent method, also suitable modified variants of standard gradient descent involving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

With the increase in the number of parameters in large language models, the process of pre-training and fine-tuning increasingly demands larger volumes of GPU memory. A significant portion of this memory is typically consumed by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Philip Zmushko , Aleksandr Beznosikov , Martin Takáč , Samuel Horváth

Federated learning on edge devices must cope with non-IID client data and tight memory budgets. Adaptive optimizers like Adam stabilize training under data heterogeneity but require storing full-precision momentum and variance states, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Vedant Waykole , Haroon R. Lone

Reliable data attribution is essential for mitigating bias and reducing computational waste in modern machine learning, with the Shapley value serving as the theoretical gold standard. While recent "In-Run" methods bypass the prohibitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Meng Ding , Zeqing Zhang , Di Wang , Lijie Hu

We provide new adaptive first-order methods for constrained convex optimization. Our main algorithms AdaACSA and AdaAGD+ are accelerated methods, which are universal in the sense that they achieve nearly-optimal convergence rates for both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Alina Ene , Huy L. Nguyen , Adrian Vladu
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