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The main purpose of this article is to give a general overview and understanding of the first widely used option-pricing model, the Black-Scholes model. The history and context are presented, with the usefulness and implications in the…
This study investigates enhancing option pricing by extending the Black-Scholes model to include stochastic volatility and interest rate variability within the Partial Differential Equation (PDE). The PDE is solved using the finite…
Black-Scholes implied volatility is a quantile. The insight follows from the normalized option price being a probability on the variance scale, with the inverse Gaussian distribution providing the link. It enables analytically exact and…
Averaging problems are ubiquitous in Finance with the valuation of the so-called Asian options on arithmetic averages as their most conspicuous form. There is an abundance of numerical work on them, and their stochastic structure has been…
The issue of developing simple Black-Scholes type approximations for pricing European options with large discrete dividends was popular since early 2000's with a few different approaches reported during the last 10 years. Moreover, it has…
We consider arbitrage free valuation of European options in Black-Scholes and Merton markets, where the general structure of the market is known, however the specific parameters are not known. In order to reflect this subjective uncertainty…
This paper presents a new model for options pricing. The Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) model plays an important role in financial options pricing. However, the BSM model assumes that the risk-free interest rate, volatility, and equity premium…
We derive semi-analytic approximation formulae for bond and swaption prices in a Black-Karasi\'{n}ski interest rate model. Approximations are obtained using a novel technique based on the Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve expansion. Formulas are easily…
We fit the volatility fluctuations of the S&P 500 index well by a Chi distribution, and the distribution of log-returns by a corresponding superposition of Gaussian distributions. The Fourier transform of this is, remarkably, of the Tsallis…
The Black-Scholes theory of option pricing has been considered for many years as an important but very approximate zeroth-order description of actual market behavior. We generalize the functional form of the diffusion of these systems and…
We show that prices and shortfall risks of game (Israeli) barrier options in a sequence of binomial approximations of the Black--Scholes (BS) market converge to the corresponding quantities for similar game barrier options in the BS market…
Options financial instruments designed to protect investors from the stock market randomness. In 1973, Fisher Black, Myron Scholes and Robert Merton proposed a very popular option pricing method using stochastic differential equations…
We consider the problem of computing upper and lower bounds on the price of a European basket call option, given prices on other similar baskets. Although this problem is very hard to solve exactly in the general case, we show that in some…
We consider a non-stochastic online learning approach to price financial options by modeling the market dynamic as a repeated game between the nature (adversary) and the investor. We demonstrate that such framework yields analogous…
We consider the problem of pricing basket options in a multivariate Black Scholes or Variance Gamma model. From a numerical point of view, pricing such options corresponds to moderate and high dimensional numerical integration problems with…
We provide an European option pricing formula written in the form of an infinite series of Black Scholes type terms under double Levy jumps model, where both the interest rate and underlying price are driven by Levy process. The series…
In this paper we propose two efficient techniques which allow one to compute the price of American basket options. In particular, we consider a basket of assets that follow a multi-dimensional Black-Scholes dynamics. The proposed…
An efficient computational algorithm to price financial derivatives is presented. It is based on a path integral formulation of the pricing problem. It is shown how the path integral approach can be worked out in order to obtain fast and…
In this work, we consider the issue of pricing exchange options and spread options with stochastic interest rates. We provide the closed form solution for the exchange option price when interest rate is stochastic. Our result holds when…
In this paper, we present a reduced basis method for pricing European and American options based on the Black-Scholes and Heston model. To tackle each model numerically, we formulate the problem in terms of a time dependent variational…