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In this paper, we analyse singular values of a large $p\times n$ data matrix $\mathbf{X}_n= (\mathbf{x}_{n1},\ldots,\mathbf{x}_{nn})$ where the column $\mathbf{x}_{nj}$'s are independent $p$-dimensional vectors, possibly with different…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Tianxing Mei , Chen Wang , Jianfeng Yao

Let $A = (a_{ij})$ be a square $n\times n$ matrix with i.i.d. zero mean and unit variance entries. Rudelson and Vershynin showed that the upper bound for a smallest singular value $s_n(A)$ is of order $n^{-\frac12}$ with probability close…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-21 Kateryna Tatarko

Consider large signal-plus-noise data matrices of the form $S + \Sigma^{1/2} X$, where $S$ is a low-rank deterministic signal matrix and the noise covariance matrix $\Sigma$ can be anisotropic. We establish the asymptotic joint distribution…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Zeqin Lin , Guangming Pan , Peng Zhao , Jia Zhou

We consider the empirical eigenvalue distribution of an $m\times m$ principle submatrix of an $n\times n$ random unitary matrix distributed according to Haar measure. Earlier work of Petz and R\'effy identified the limiting spectral measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-12 Elizabeth Meckes , Kathryn Stewart

In this paper, we consider the singular values and singular vectors of finite, low rank perturbations of large rectangular random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme singular values and appropriate…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-27 Florent Benaych-Georges , Raj Rao Nadakuditi

We consider the adjacency operator $A$ of the Linial-Meshulam model $X(d,n,p)$ for random $d-$dimensional simplicial complexes on $n$ vertices, where each $d-$cell is added independently with probability $p\in[0,1]$ to the complete…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Shaked Leibzirer , Ron Rosenthal

Let $S_n^{(2)}$ denote the iterated partial sums. That is, $S_n^{(2)}=S_1+S_2+ ... +S_n$, where $S_i=X_1+X_2+ ... s+X_i$. Assuming $X_1, X_2,....,X_n$ are integrable, zero-mean, i.i.d. random variables, we show that the persistence…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Amir Dembo , Jian Ding , Fuchang Gao

Given a collection $\{\lambda_1, \dots, \lambda_n\} $ of real numbers, there is a canonical probability distribution on the set of real symmetric or complex Hermitian matrices with eigenvalues $\lambda_1,\ldots,\lambda_n$. In this paper, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-30 Elizabeth S. Meckes , Mark W. Meckes

The limiting distribution of eigenvalues of N x N random matrices has many applications. One of the most studied ensembles are real symmetric matrices with independent entries iidrv; the limiting rescaled spectral measure (LRSM)…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-12-27 Olivia Beckwith , Victor Luo , Steven J. Miller , Karen Shen , Nicholas Triantafillou

We consider the probability of having two intervals (gaps) without eigenvalues in the bulk scaling limit of the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble of random matrices. We describe uniform asymptotics for the transition between a single large gap and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-19 Benjamin Fahs , Igor Krasovsky

This article concerns the non-asymptotic analysis of the singular values (and Lyapunov exponents) of Gaussian matrix products in the regime where $N,$ the number of term in the product, is large and $n,$ the size of the matrices, may be…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-24 Boris Hanin , Grigoris Paouris

We prove that with high probability, every eigenvector of a random matrix is delocalized in the sense that any subset of its coordinates carries a non-negligible portion of its $\ell_2$ norm. Our results pertain to a wide class of random…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-23 Mark Rudelson , Roman Vershynin

We consider the asymptotic behavior as $n\to\infty$ of the spectra of random matrices of the form \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}Z_{nk}\rho_n ((k,k+1)),\] where for each $n$ the random variables $Z_{nk}$ are i.i.d. standard Gaussian…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-06-11 Steven N. Evans

Denote by $\mu_a$ the distribution of the random sum $(1-a) \sum_{j=0}^\infty \omega_j a^j$, where $P(\omega_j=0)=P(\omega_j=1)=1/2$ and all the choices are independent. For $0<a<1/2$, the measure $\mu_a$ is supported on $C_a$, the central…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-03-21 Fedor Nazarov , Yuval Peres , Pablo Shmerkin

A counter-example to lower bounds for the singular values of the sum of two matrices in [1] and [2] is given. Correct forms of the bounds are pointed out.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-07-24 Sergey Loyka

A "mysterious" relation between the number variance and the variance of the $L$-th ordered eigenvalue, first suggested by French et al. [Ann. Phys. 113, 277 (1978)], is revisited and proven to be asymptotically exact for the $\beta=2$ Dyson…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Peng Tian , Roman Riser , Eugene Kanzieper

We prove a lower bound expansion on the probability that a random $\pm 1$ matrix is singular, and conjecture that such expansions govern the actual probability of singularity. These expansions are based on naming the most likely, second…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-05-24 Richard Arratia , Stephen DeSalvo

Let $A_n$ be an $n\times n$ matrix with iid entries distributed as Bernoulli random variables with parameter $p = p_n$. Rudelson and Tikhomirov, in a beautiful and celebrated paper, show that the distribution of eigenvalues of $A_n \cdot…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-09 Ashwin Sah , Julian Sahasrabudhe , Mehtaab Sawhney

We study the distribution of partial sums of Rademacher random multiplicative functions $(f(n))_n$ evaluated at polynomial arguments. We show that for a polynomial $P\in \mathbb Z[x]$ that is a product of at least two distinct linear…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Jake Chinis , Besfort Shala

We consider the singular vectors of any $m \times n$ submatrix of a rectangular $M \times N$ Gaussian matrix and study their asymptotic overlaps with those of the full matrix, in the macroscopic regime where $N \,/\, M\,$, $m \,/\, M$ as…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Elie Attal , Romain Allez