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We propose a new method to solve eigenvalue problems for linear and semilinear second order differential operators in high dimensions based on deep neural networks. The eigenvalue problem is reformulated as a fixed point problem of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Jiequn Han , Jianfeng Lu , Mo Zhou

Engineering problems frequently require solution of governing equations with spatially-varying discontinuous coefficients. Even for linear elliptic problems, mapping large ensembles of coefficient fields to solutions can become a major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Conlain Kelly , Surya R. Kalidindi

The transferable neural network (TransNet) is a two-layer shallow neural network with pre-determined and uniformly distributed neurons in the hidden layer, and the least-squares solvers can be particularly used to compute the parameters of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-28 Tianzheng Lu , Lili Ju , Liyong Zhu

Solving cell problems in homogenization is hard, and available deep-learning frameworks fail to match the speed and generality of traditional computational frameworks. More to the point, it is generally unclear what to expect of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Binh Huy Nguyen , Matti Schneider

In this paper, we propose a semigroup method for solving high-dimensional elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) and the associated eigenvalue problems based on neural networks. For the PDE problems, we reformulate the original…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Haoya Li , Lexing Ying

In this study, we address the eigenvalue problem given by: \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} -\Div (w\nabla u_i)=\la_iu_i &\text{in } \Om\subset \mathbb{R}^n,\\ u_i=0 &\text{on } \pt \Om, \end{cases} \end{equation*} where $w > 0$ within $\Om$…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Dong-Hui Yang , Bao-Zhu Guo

We construct and analyze approximation rates of deep operator networks (ONets) between infinite-dimensional spaces that emulate with an exponential rate of convergence the coefficient-to-solution map of elliptic second-order partial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Carlo Marcati , Christoph Schwab

Complex real-world optimization problems often involve both discrete decisions and nonlinear relationships between variables. Many such problems can be modeled as polynomial-objective integer programs, encompassing cases with quadratic and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Minshuo Li , Yaoxin Wu , Pavel Troubil , Yingqian Zhang , Wim P. M. Nuijten

Spectral decomposition of linear operators plays a central role in many areas of machine learning and scientific computing. Recent work has explored training neural networks to approximate eigenfunctions of such operators, enabling scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 J. Jon Ryu , Samuel Zhou , Gregory W. Wornell

Recent developments in mechanical, aerospace, and structural engineering have driven a growing need for efficient ways to model and analyse structures at much larger and more complex scales than before. While established numerical methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Rui Wu , Nikola Kovachki , Burigede Liu

It is well known that Newton's method can have trouble converging if the initial guess is too far from the solution. Such a problem particularly occurs when this method is used to solve nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Joubine Aghili , Emmanuel Franck , Romain Hild , Victor Michel-Dansac , Vincent Vigon

We develop a weak adversarial approach to solving obstacle problems using neural networks. By employing (generalised) regularised gap functions and their properties we rewrite the obstacle problem (which is an elliptic variational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Amal Alphonse , Michael Hintermüller , Alexander Kister , Chin Hang Lun , Clemens Sirotenko

We study the approximation of the spectrum of a second-order elliptic differential operator by the Hybrid High-Order (HHO) method. The HHO method is formulated using cell and face unknowns which are polynomials of some degree $k\geq0$. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-07-23 Victor Calo , Matteo Cicuttin , Quanling Deng , Alexandre Ern

In this paper, we provide a theoretical analysis of a type of operator learning method without data reliance based on the classical finite element approximation, which is called the finite element operator network (FEONet). We first…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Youngjoon Hong , Seungchan Ko , Jaeyong Lee

For compact self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces, two algorithms are proposed to provide fully computable a posteriori error estimate for eigenfunction approximation. Both algorithms apply well to the case of tight clusters and multiple…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Xuefeng Liu , Tomáš Vejchodský

Nonlinear elliptic problems arise in many fields, including plasma physics, astrophysics, and optimal transport. In this article, we propose a novel operator-splitting/finite element method for solving such problems. We begin by introducing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Jingyu Yang , Shingyu Leung , Jianliang Qian , Hao Liu

Deep neural networks, despite their success in numerous applications, often function without established theoretical foundations. In this paper, we bridge this gap by drawing parallels between deep learning and classical numerical analysis.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Emanuele Zappala , Daniel Levine , Sizhuang He , Syed Rizvi , Sacha Levy , David van Dijk

The Lane-Emden equation, a nonlinear second-order ordinary differential equation, plays a fundamental role in theoretical physics and astrophysics, particularly in modeling the structure of stellar interiors. Also referred to as the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Luke Oluwaseye Joel , Charis Harley , Ebrahim Momoniat

Operator learning is a recent development in the simulation of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) by means of neural networks. The idea behind this approach is to learn the behavior of an operator, such that the resulting neural network…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Ahmed Abdeljawad , Thomas Dittrich

In this paper, we introduce a tensor neural network based machine learning method for solving the elliptic partial differential equations with random coefficients in a bounded physical domain. With the help of tensor product structure, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-02 Hongtao Chen , Rui Fu , Yifan Wang , Hehu Xie