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Here we investigate the connection of broad emission line shapes and continuum light curve variability time scales of type-1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). We developed a new model to describe optical broad emission lines as an accretion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-05-21 E. Bon , P. Jovanovic , P. Marziani , N. Bon , A. Otasevic

Structured jets are recently invoked to explain the complex emission of gamma ray bursts, such as GW 170817. Based on the accretion simulations, the jets are expected to have a structure that is more complex than a simple top-hat. Also, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-08 Agnieszka Janiuk , Bestin James , Ishika Palit

The characteristic timescale at which the variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) turns from red noise to white noise can probe the accretion physics around supermassive black holes (SMBHs). A number of works have studied the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-17 Guowei Ren , Shuying Zhou , Mouyuan Sun , Yongquan Xue

In this paper, standard accretion disk models of AGNs are tested using light curves of 26 objects well observed for reverberation mapping. Time scales of variations are estimated by the most common definition of the variability time scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-10 H. T. Liu , J. M. Bai , X. H. Zhao , L. Ma

Since their discovery, AGN light curves are known to be intrinsically variable. In the optical/UV band, this variability is consistent with correlated or red noise and is particularly well described by the damped random walk (DRW) model. In…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-02 Lorenzo Bertassi , Maria Charisi , Fabio Rigamonti , Stefano Covino , Massimo Dotti

We examine unresolved nuclear X-ray sources in 57 brightest cluster galaxies to study the relationship between nuclear X-ray emission and accretion onto supermassive black holes (SMBHs). The majority of the clusters in our sample have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 H. R. Russell , B. R. McNamara , A. C. Edge , M. T. Hogan , R. A. Main , A. N. Vantyghem

We present the first short time-scale ($\sim$hours to days) optical variability study of a large sample of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) observed with the Kepler/K2 mission. The sample contains 252 AGN observed over four campaigns with $\sim…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-14 E. Aranzana , E. Kording , P. Uttley , S. Scaringi , S. Bloemen

Relativistic jets launched from stellar-mass compact objects embedded in the accretion disk of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) can produce nonthermal emission upon successfully breaking out of the disk. In this paper, we present a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Ken Chen , Zi-Gao Dai

The relationship between observed variability time and emission region geometry is explored for the case of emission by relativistic jets. The approximate formula for the jet-frame size of the emission region, $R'=Dc\Delta t_{\rm obs}$ is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. J. Protheroe

Accretion disks around supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei produce continuum radiation at ultraviolet and optical wavelengths. Physical processes in the accretion flow lead to stochastic variability of this emission on a wide…

Warped accretion discs in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) exert a torque on the black hole that tends to align the rotation axis with the angular momentum of the outer disc. We compute the magnitude of this torque by solving numerically for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Priyamvada Natarajan , Philip J. Armitage

While jets appear as a fundamental result of accretion processes onto compact objects in X-ray binaries, there is as yet no standard model for their underlying physics. The origin of the observed disk-jet coupling also remains largely…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-04-04 Piergiorgio Casella , Thomas J. Maccarone , Kieran O'Brien

We present a study of variability time scales in a large sample of Active Galactic Nuclei at several frequencies between 4.8 and 230 GHz. We investigate the differences of various AGN types and frequencies and correlate the measured time…

Accreting supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies are the engine of active galactic nuclei (AGN). X-ray light curves of unabsorbed AGN show dramatic random variability on timescales ranging from seconds to years. The power…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-29 Mehdy Lefkir , Simon Vaughan , Mike Goad , Daniela Huppenkothen , Phil Uttley

Black holes generate collimated, relativistic jets which have been observed in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), microquasars, and at the center of some galaxies (active galactic nuclei; AGN). How jet physics scales from stellar black holes in GRBs…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-01-04 Rodrigo S. Nemmen , Markos Georganopoulos , Sylvain Guiriec , Eileen T. Meyer , Neil Gehrels , Rita M. Sambruna

We study a sample of 44 low-luminosity radio-loud AGN, which represent a range of nuclear radio-power spanning 5 orders of magnitude, to unveil the accretion mechanism in these galaxies. We estimate the accretion rate of gas associated with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Barbara Balmaverde , Ranieri D. Baldi , Alessandro Capetti

Discrepancies between reported structure function (SF) slopes and their overall flatness as compared to expectations from the damped random walk (DRW) model, which generally well describes the variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs),…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-06 Szymon Kozłowski

The observable characteristics of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) embedded in the accretion disk of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are mainly determined by the jet propagation within the disk. In the massive collapsar scenario, we consider that the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-20 Yun-Feng Wei , Tong Liu , Bao-Quan Huang

Analysing the long-term radio variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is essential to understanding the physics of relativistic jets launched by supermassive black holes. We aim to connect the characteristic timescales obtained from a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-07 Sofia Kankkunen , Merja Tornikoski , Talvikki Hovatta

We study the long-term ($\approx$30 years) radio variability of 43 radio bright AGNs by exploiting the data base of the University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory (UMRAO) monitoring program. We model the periodograms (temporal power…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-18 Jongho Park , Sascha Trippe