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We present a ray-based finite element method (ray-FEM) by learning basis adaptive to the underlying high-frequency Helmholtz equation in smooth media. Based on the geometric optics ansatz of the wave field, we learn local dominant ray…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-01 Jun Fang , Jianliang Qian , Leonardo Zepeda-Núñez , Hongkai Zhao

Next-generation wireless systems such as 6G operate at higher frequency bands, making signal propagation highly sensitive to environmental factors such as buildings and vege- tation. Accurate Radio Environment Map (REM) estimation is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Ljupcho Milosheski , Fedja Močnik , Mihael Mohorčič , Carolina Fortuna

Channel knowledge map (CKM) is an emerging technique to enable environment-aware wireless communications, in which databases with location-specific channel knowledge are used to facilitate or even obviate real-time channel state information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Kun Li , Peiming Li , Yong Zeng , Jie Xu

Radio map (RM) has recently attracted much attention since it can provide real-time and accurate spatial channel information for 6G services and applications. However, current deep learning-based methods for RM construction exhibit well…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Honggang Jia , Nan Cheng , Xiucheng Wang , Conghao Zhou , Ruijin Sun , Xuemin , Shen

The radio map represents the spatial distribution of spectrum resources within a region, supporting efficient resource allocation and interference mitigation. However, it is difficult to construct a dense radio map as a limited number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Taiqin Chen , Zikun Zhou , Zheng Fang , Wenzhen Zou , Kangjun Liu , Ke Chen , Yongbing Zhang , Yaowei Wang

Traditional radio map estimation (RME) techniques fail to capture multi-dimensional and dynamic characteristics of complex spectrum environments. Recent data-driven methods achieve accurate RME in spatial domain, but ignore physical prior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Dong Yang , Yue Wang , Songyang Zhang , Yingshu Li , Zhipeng Cai , Zhi Tian

This article targets at unlocking the potentials of a class of prominent generative artificial intelligence (GAI) method, namely diffusion model (DM), for mobile communications. First, a DM-driven communication architecture is proposed,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Xiaoxia Xu , Xidong Mu , Yuanwei Liu , Hong Xing , Yue Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan

Radio map, or pathloss map prediction, is a crucial method for wireless network modeling and management. By leveraging deep learning to construct pathloss patterns from geographical maps, an accurate digital replica of the transmission…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Yuxuan Li , Cheng Zhang , Wen Wang , Yongming Huang

We introduce a new approach to learning in hierarchical latent-variable generative models called the "distributed distributional code Helmholtz machine", which emphasises flexibility and accuracy in the inferential process. In common with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-29 Eszter Vertes , Maneesh Sahani

Digital twins (DTs) are promising for wireless deployment, optimization, and data generation, but building a propagation-faithful twin from sparse real measurements remains difficult. This paper proposes a wireless environment digital twin…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Junjie Ai , Shurui Xu , Yanqing Ren , Zhuoyu Liu , Weicong Chen , Wankai Tang , Xiao Li , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly adopted in modern communication networks. However, challenges in decision-making and digital modeling continue to impede their rapid advancement. Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Yousef Emami , Hao Zhou , Luis Almeida , Kai Li

Radio on Free Space Optics (RoFSO), as a universal platform for heterogeneous wireless services, is able to transmit multiple radio frequency signals at high rates in free space optical networks. This paper investigates the optimal design…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-25 Zhan Gao , Mark Eisen , Alejandro Ribeiro

Along with the prosperity of generative artificial intelligence (AI), its potential for solving conventional challenges in wireless communications has also surfaced. Inspired by this trend, we investigate the application of the advanced…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xingyu Zhou , Le Liang , Jing Zhang , Peiwen Jiang , Yong Li , Shi Jin

Machine learning (ML) facilitates rapid channel modeling for 5G and beyond wireless communication systems. Many existing ML techniques utilize a city map to construct the radio map; however, an updated city map may not always be available.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-04 Wangqian Chen , Junting Chen

A radiomap, representing the spatial distribution of wireless signal strength within a specific region, is fundamentally determined by the local propagation channel and finds extensive applications in network planning and optimization. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wenli Li , Bin Wang , Guangxu Zhu , Haiyan Fan , Yi Zhang

To mitigate pollution effects in high-frequency Helmholtz problems, Learning-based Numerical Methods (LbNM) reconstruct solution operators using complete systems of exact solutions. However, the previously used fundamental-solution (FS)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Lifu Song , Tingyue Li , Jin Cheng

Accurate simulation of wave propagation in complex acoustic materials is crucial for applications in sound design, noise control, and material engineering. Traditional numerical solvers, such as finite element methods, are computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Riccardo Fosco Gramaccioni , Christian Marinoni , Fabrizio Frezza , Aurelio Uncini , Danilo Comminiello

Radio map reconstruction is essential for enabling advanced applications, yet challenges such as complex signal propagation and sparse observational data hinder accurate reconstruction in practical scenarios. Existing methods often fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Haozhe Jia , Wenshuo Chen , Zhihui Huang , Lei Wang , Hongru Xiao , Nanqian Jia , Keming Wu , Songning Lai , Bowen Tian , Yutao Yue

The ability to construct channel knowledge map (CKM) with high precision is essential for environment awareness in 6G wireless systems. However, most existing CKM construction methods formulate the task as an image super-resolution or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Yunzhe Zhu , Xuewen Liao , Zhenzhen Gao , Linzhou Zeng , Yong Zeng

Electromagnetic (EM) world modeling is emerging as a foundational capability for environment-aware and embodiment-enabled wireless systems. However, most existing mmWave sensing solutions are designed for snapshot-based parameter estimation…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Pin-Han Ho , Haoran Mei , Limei Peng , Yiming Miao , Kairan Liang , Yan Jiao