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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being integrated into search engines to provide natural language responses tailored to user queries. Customers and end-users are also becoming more dependent on these models for quick and easy…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Aounon Kumar , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Domain-specific knowledge can significantly contribute to addressing a wide variety of vision tasks. However, the generation of such knowledge entails considerable human labor and time costs. This study investigates the potential of Large…

The rapid growth of social media platforms has led to concerns about radicalization, filter bubbles, and content bias. Existing approaches to classifying ideology are limited in that they require extensive human effort, the labeling of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Muhammad Haroon , Magdalena Wojcieszak , Anshuman Chhabra

Toxic content detection is crucial for online services to remove inappropriate content that violates community standards. To automate the detection process, prior works have proposed varieties of machine learning (ML) approaches to train…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jiang Zhang , Qiong Wu , Yiming Xu , Cheng Cao , Zheng Du , Konstantinos Psounis

Traditional online content moderation systems struggle to classify modern multimodal means of communication, such as memes, a highly nuanced and information-dense medium. This task is especially hard in a culturally diverse society like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Cao Yuxuan , Wu Jiayang , Alistair Cheong Liang Chuen , Bryan Shan Guanrong , Theodore Lee Chong Jen , Sherman Chann Zhi Shen

Data filtering strategies are a crucial component to develop safe Large Language Models (LLM), since they support the removal of harmful contents from pretraining datasets. There is a lack of research on the actual impact of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Marco Antonio Stranisci , Christian Hardmeier

Grammar competency estimation is essential for assessing linguistic proficiency in both written and spoken language; however, the spoken modality presents additional challenges due to its spontaneous, unstructured, and disfluent nature.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sourya Dipta Das , Shubham Kumar , Kuldeep Yadav

This study investigates the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for predicting human-perceived misery scores from natural language descriptions of real-world scenarios. The task is framed as a regression problem, where the model assigns a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Bishanka Seal , Rahul Seetharaman , Aman Bansal , Abhilash Nandy

Aggressive comments on social media negatively impact human life. Such offensive contents are responsible for depression and suicidal-related activities. Since online social networking is increasing day by day, the hate content is also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Nova Ahmed , Alfredo Cuzzocrea

In the realm of Large Language Model (LLM) functionalities, providing reliable information is paramount, yet reports suggest that LLM outputs lack consistency. This inconsistency, often at-tributed to randomness in token sampling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yanggyu Lee , Jihie Kim

Large Language Models are widely used for content moderation but often present certain over-sensitivity, leading to misclassification of benign content and rejecting safe user commands. While previous research attributes this issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuxin Wang , Botao Yu , Ivory Yang , Saeed Hassanpour , Soroush Vosoughi

The exponential growth of social media has profoundly transformed how information is created, disseminated, and absorbed, exceeding any precedent in the digital age. Regrettably, this explosion has also spawned a significant increase in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Hongzhan Lin , Ziyang Luo , Bo Wang , Ruichao Yang , Jing Ma

This paper proposes an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model for hate speech using large language models (LLMs). The proposed method integrates the encoder of the ASR model with the decoder of the LLMs, enabling simultaneous…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Ryutaro Oshima , Yuya Hosoda , Youji Iiguni

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential as general-purpose AI assistants in various domains. To meet the requirements of different applications, LLMs are often customized by further fine-tuning. However, the powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Xin Zhou , Yi Lu , Ruotian Ma , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various tasks, including sentiment analysis. However, data quality--particularly when sourced from social media--can significantly impact their accuracy. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Naman Bhargava , Mohammed I. Radaideh , O Hwang Kwon , Aditi Verma , Majdi I. Radaideh

The proliferation of multimodal memes in the social media era demands that multimodal Large Language Models (mLLMs) effectively understand meme harmfulness. Existing benchmarks for assessing mLLMs on harmful meme understanding rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zixin Chen , Hongzhan Lin , Kaixin Li , Ziyang Luo , Zhen Ye , Guang Chen , Zhiyong Huang , Jing Ma

In the era of increasingly sophisticated natural language processing (NLP) systems, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential for diverse applications, including tasks requiring nuanced textual understanding and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Poli Apollinaire Nemkova , Solomon Ubani , Mark V. Albert

Hate speech in social media is a growing phenomenon, and detecting such toxic content has recently gained significant traction in the research community. Existing studies have explored fine-tuning language models (LMs) to perform hate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Md Rabiul Awal , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Eshaan Tanwar , Tanmay Garg , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Online marketplaces, while revolutionizing global commerce, have inadvertently facilitated the proliferation of illicit activities, including drug trafficking, counterfeit sales, and cybercrimes. Traditional content moderation methods such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Quoc Khoa Tran , Thanh Thi Nguyen , Campbell Wilson

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has provided unprecedented capabilities for analyzing unstructured text data. However, deploying these models as reliable, robust, and scalable classifiers in production environments presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Doohee You , Andy Parisi , Zach Vander Velden , Lara Dantas Inojosa
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