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Autonomous driving systems face significant challenges in handling unpredictable edge-case scenarios, such as adversarial pedestrian movements, dangerous vehicle maneuvers, and sudden environmental changes. Current end-to-end driving models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Dianwei Chen , Zifan Zhang , Lei Cheng , Yuchen Liu , Xianfeng Terry Yang

Safely interacting with humans is a significant challenge for autonomous driving. The performance of this interaction depends on machine learning-based modules of an autopilot, such as perception, behavior prediction, and planning. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Jay Shenoy , Edward Kim , Xiangyu Yue , Taesung Park , Daniel Fremont , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit Seshia

Reliably predicting the motion of contestant vehicles surrounding an autonomous racecar is crucial for effective and performant planning. Although highly expressive, deep neural networks are black-box models, making their usage challenging…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Phillip Karle , Ferenc Török , Maximilian Geisslinger , Markus Lienkamp

Ensuring safe interactions between autonomous vehicles (AVs) and human drivers in mixed traffic systems remains a major challenge, particularly in complex, high-risk scenarios. This paper presents a cognition-decision framework that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Heye Huang , Zheng Li , Hao Cheng , Haoran Wang , Junkai Jiang , Xiaopeng Li , Arkady Zgonnikov

Reinforcement learning is nowadays a popular framework for solving different decision making problems in automated driving. However, there are still some remaining crucial challenges that need to be addressed for providing more reliable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Danial Kamran , Carlos Fernandez Lopez , Martin Lauer , Christoph Stiller

Previous studies in predicting crash risks primarily associated the number or likelihood of crashes on a road segment with traffic parameters or geometric characteristics, usually neglecting the impact of vehicles' continuous movement and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Tianheng Zhu , Ling Wang , Yiheng Feng , Wanjing Ma , Mohamed Abdel-Aty

Real-time traffic accident forecasting is increasingly important for public safety and urban management (e.g., real-time safe route planning and emergency response deployment). Previous works on accident forecasting are often performed on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Zhengyang Zhou , Yang Wang , Xike Xie , Lianliang Chen , Hengchang Liu

Predicting the future trajectory of surrounding vehicles in a randomly varying traffic level is one of the most challenging problems in developing an autonomous vehicle. Since there is no pre-defined number of interacting vehicles…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Hyeongseok Jeon , Junwon Choi , Dongsuk Kum

In contemporary autonomous driving testing, virtual simulation has become an important approach due to its efficiency and cost effectiveness. However, existing methods usually rely on reinforcement learning to generate risky scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chen Xiong , Cheng Wang , Yuhang Liu , Zirui Wu , Ye Tian

For highly automated driving above SAE level~3, behavior generation algorithms must reliably consider the inherent uncertainties of the traffic environment, e.g. arising from the variety of human driving styles. Such uncertainties can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Julian Bernhard , Stefan Pollok , Alois Knoll

The abilities to understand the social interaction behaviors between a vehicle and its surroundings while predicting its trajectory in an urban environment are critical for road safety in autonomous driving. Social interactions are hard to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Amina Ghoul , Itheri Yahiaoui , Anne Verroust-Blondet , Fawzi Nashashibi

Current validation methods often rely on recorded data and basic functional checks, which may not be sufficient to encompass the scenarios an autonomous vehicle might encounter. In addition, there is a growing need for complex scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Marc Kaufeld , Rainer Trauth , Johannes Betz

Navigating dense and dynamic environments poses a significant challenge for autonomous driving systems, owing to the intricate nature of multimodal interaction, wherein the actions of various traffic participants and the autonomous vehicle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Tong Li , Lu Zhang , Sikang Liu , Shaojie Shen

Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of automated vehicle (AV) crash severity is critical for advancing urban mobility safety and infrastructure planning. In this work, we introduce ST-GraphNet, a spatio-temporal graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Mahmuda Sultana Mimi , Md Monzurul Islam , Anannya Ghosh Tusti , Shriyank Somvanshi , Subasish Das

Current research on decision-making in safety-critical scenarios often relies on inefficient data-driven scenario generation or specific modeling approaches, which fail to capture corner cases in real-world contexts. To address this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yinsong Chen , Kaifeng Wang , Xiaoqiang Meng , Xueyuan Li , Zirui Li , Xin Gao

Rich phenomena from complex systems have long intrigued researchers, and yet modeling system micro-dynamics and inferring the forms of interaction remain challenging for conventional data-driven approaches, being generally established by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-11-13 Seungwoong Ha , Hawoong Jeong

This paper presents a data-driven decentralized trajectory optimization approach for multi-robot motion planning in dynamic environments. When navigating in a shared space, each robot needs accurate motion predictions of neighboring robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Hai Zhu , Francisco Martinez Claramunt , Bruno Brito , Javier Alonso-Mora

As autonomous driving technology matures, safety and robustness of its key components, including trajectory prediction, is vital. Though real-world datasets, such as Waymo Open Motion, provide realistic recorded scenarios for model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Benjamin Stoler , Ingrid Navarro , Meghdeep Jana , Soonmin Hwang , Jonathan Francis , Jean Oh

This research paper delves into the field of autonomous vehicle technology, examining the vulnerabilities inherent in each component of these transformative vehicles. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are revolutionizing transportation by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ian Alexis Wong Paz , Anuvinda Balan , Sebastian Campos , Ehud Orenstain , Sudip Dhakal

Autonomous vehicles require accurate and reliable short-term trajectory predictions for safe and efficient driving. While most commercial automated vehicles currently use state machine-based algorithms for trajectory forecasting, recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Sushil Sharma , Ganesh Sistu , Lucie Yahiaoui , Arindam Das , Mark Halton , Ciarán Eising