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The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies on extensive text corpora, which are often unevenly distributed across languages. This imbalance results in LLMs performing significantly better on high-resource languages like English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Zihao Li , Yucheng Shi , Zirui Liu , Fan Yang , Ali Payani , Ninghao Liu , Mengnan Du

Results reported in large-scale multilingual evaluations are often fragmented and confounded by factors such as target languages, differences in experimental setups, and model choices. We propose a framework that disentangles these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Songbo Hu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Multilingual benchmarks guide the development of frontier models. Yet multilingual evaluations reported by frontier models are structured similar to popular reasoning and knowledge benchmarks, but across many languages. We show such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ronald Skorobogat , Ameya Prabhu , Matthias Bethge

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on unseen tasks in English, but their abilities in non English languages are less explored due to limited benchmarks and training data. To bridge this gap, we introduce the Indic QA Benchmark, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Abhishek Kumar Singh , Vishwajeet kumar , Rudra Murthy , Jaydeep Sen , Ashish Mittal , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Reasoning stands as a cornerstone of intelligence, enabling the synthesis of existing knowledge to solve complex problems. Despite remarkable progress, existing reasoning benchmarks often fail to rigorously evaluate the nuanced reasoning…

Large-scale multilingual evaluations, such as MEGA, often include only a handful of African languages due to the scarcity of high-quality evaluation data and the limited discoverability of existing African datasets. This lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jessica Ojo , Odunayo Ogundepo , Akintunde Oladipo , Kelechi Ogueji , Jimmy Lin , Pontus Stenetorp , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

English has long been assumed the $\textit{lingua franca}$ of scientific research, and this notion is reflected in the natural language processing (NLP) research involving scientific document representation. In this position piece, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Abteen Ebrahimi , Kenneth Church

Automatic evaluators such as reward models play a central role in the alignment and evaluation of large vision-language models (LVLMs). Despite their growing importance, these evaluators are almost exclusively assessed on English-centric…

Multilingual watermarking aims to make large language model (LLM) outputs traceable across languages, yet current methods still fall short. Despite claims of cross-lingual robustness, they are evaluated only on high-resource languages. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Asim Mohamed , Martin Gubri

In our era of widespread false information, human fact-checkers often face the challenge of duplicating efforts when verifying claims that may have already been addressed in other countries or languages. As false information transcends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ivan Vykopal , Matúš Pikuliak , Simon Ostermann , Tatiana Anikina , Michal Gregor , Marián Šimko

Multi-lingual competence in large language models is often evaluated via static data benchmarks such as Belebele, M-MMLU and M-GSM. However, these evaluations often fail to provide an adequate understanding of the practical performance and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Victor Ojewale , Inioluwa Deborah Raji , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Cultural biases in multilingual datasets pose significant challenges for their effectiveness as global benchmarks. These biases stem not only from differences in language but also from the cultural knowledge required to interpret questions,…

Recent advancements in NLP have given us models like mBERT and XLMR that can serve over 100 languages. The languages that these models are evaluated on, however, are very few in number, and it is unlikely that evaluation datasets will cover…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Anirudh Srinivasan , Sunayana Sitaram , Tanuja Ganu , Sandipan Dandapat , Kalika Bali , Monojit Choudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) have remarkable capabilities across NLP tasks. However, their performance in multilingual contexts, especially within the mental health domain, has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, we evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nishat Raihan , Sadiya Sayara Chowdhury Puspo , Ana-Maria Bucur , Stevie Chancellor , Marcos Zampieri

As language models (LMs) become capable of handling a wide range of tasks, their evaluation is becoming as challenging as their development. Most generation benchmarks currently assess LMs using abstract evaluation criteria like helpfulness…

We present a benchmark suite of four datasets for evaluating the fairness of pre-trained language models and the techniques used to fine-tune them for downstream tasks. Our benchmarks cover four jurisdictions (European Council, USA,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Ilias Chalkidis , Tommaso Pasini , Sheng Zhang , Letizia Tomada , Sebastian Felix Schwemer , Anders Søgaard

The explosion of high-performing conversational language models (LMs) has spurred a shift from classic natural language processing (NLP) benchmarks to expensive, time-consuming and noisy human evaluations - yet the relationship between…

To ensure equitable access to the benefits of large language models (LLMs), it is essential to evaluate their capabilities across the world's languages. We introduce the AI Language Proficiency Monitor, a comprehensive multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 David Pomerenke , Jonas Nothnagel , Simon Ostermann

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising knowledge and reasoning abilities, yet their performance in multilingual and low-resource settings remains underexplored. Existing benchmarks often exhibit cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Khanh-Tung Tran , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Large language model (LLM) evaluation is increasingly costly, prompting interest in methods that speed up evaluation by shrinking benchmark datasets. Benchmark prediction (also called efficient LLM evaluation) aims to select a small subset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Guanhua Zhang , Florian E. Dorner , Moritz Hardt
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