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Bitcoin is currently subject to a significant pay-for-speed trade-off. This is caused by lengthy and highly variable transaction confirmation times, especially during times of congestion. Users can reduce their transaction confirmation…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-28 Rowel Gündlach , Ivo V. Stoepker , Stella Kapodistria , Jacques A. C. Resing

Blockchain consensus is a state whereby each node in a network agrees on the current state of the blockchain. Existing protocols achieve consensus via a contest or voting procedure to select one node as a dictator to propose new blocks.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-06-22 Joshua S. Gans , Richard Holden

Money transfer is an abstraction that realizes the core of cryptocurrencies. It has been shown that, contrary to common belief, money transfer in the presence of Byzantine faults can be implemented in asynchronous networks and does not…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Oded Naor , Idit Keidar

While much research focuses on different methods to secure blockchain, information on the chain needs to be accessed by end-users to be useful. This position paper surveys different ways that end-users may access blockchains. We observe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zhongtang Luo , Rohan Murukutla , Aniket Kate

Bitcoin blockchain faces the bitcoin scalability problem, for which bitcoin's blocks contain the transactions on the bitcoin network. The on-chain transaction processing capacity of the bitcoin network is limited by the average block…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Changting Lin , Ning Ma , Xun Wang , Zhenguang Liu , Jianhai Chen , Shouling Ji

While the original purpose of blockchains was to realize a payment system, it has been shown that, in fact, such systems do not require consensus and can be implemented deterministically in asynchronous networks. State-of-the-art payment…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Andrew Lewis-Pye , Oded Naor , Ehud Shapiro

Supply chain applications operate in a multi-stakeholder setting, demanding trust, provenance, and transparency. Blockchain technology provides mechanisms to establish a decentralized infrastructure involving multiple stakeholders. Such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Gowri Sankar Ramachandran , Sidra Malik , Shantanu Pal , Ali Dorri , Volkan Dedeoglu , Salil Kanhere , Raja Jurdak

The combination between innovative topics and emerging technologies lets researchers define new processes and models. New needs regard the definition of modular and scalable approaches, with society and environment in mind. An important…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Marco Fiore , Marina Mongiello

For permissionless blockchains, scalability is paramount. While current technologies still fail to address this problem fully, many research works propose sharding or other techniques that extensively adopt parallel processing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Andrea Mariani , Gianluca Mariani , Diego Pennino , Maurizio Pizzonia

In recent years, blockchain technology has received unparalleled attention from academia, industry, and governments all around the world. It is considered a technological breakthrough anticipated to disrupt several application domains. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Md Sadek Ferdous , Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury , Mohammad A. Hoque , Alan Colman

Machine learning is critical for innovation and efficiency in financial markets, offering predictive models and data-driven decision-making. However, challenges such as missing data, lack of transparency, untimely updates, insecurity, and…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-27 Jingfeng Chen , Wanlin Deng , Dangxing Chen , Luyao Zhang

Cryptocurrencies are poised to revolutionize the modern economy by democratizing commerce. These currencies operate on top of blockchain-based distributed ledgers. Existing permissionless blockchain-based protocols offer unparalleled…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Anurag Jain , Sanidhay Arora , Sankarshan Damle , Sujit Gujar

As distributed ledgers, blockchains run consensus protocols which trade capacity for consistency, especially in non-ideal networks with incomplete connectivity and erroneous links. Existing studies on the tradeoff between capacity and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Xu Wang , Wei Ni , Xuan Zha , Guangsheng Yu , Ren Ping Liu , Nektarios Georgalas , Andrew Reeves

The incentive-compatibility properties of blockchain transaction fee mechanisms have been investigated with *passive* block producers that are motivated purely by the net rewards earned at the consensus layer. This paper introduces a model…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Maryam Bahrani , Pranav Garimidi , Tim Roughgarden

A payment channel network is a blockchain-based overlay mechanism that allows parties to transact more efficiently than directly using the blockchain. These networks are composed of payment channels that carry transactions between pairs of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Suryanarayana Sankagiri , Bruce Hajek

A decade long thrive of cryptocurrency has shown its potential as a source of alternative-finance and the security and the robustness of the underpinning blockchain technology. However, most cryptocurrencies fail to show inimitability and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Yibin Xu , Yangyu Huang , Jianhua Shao

Companies trying to build new solutions using blockchain are confronted with a plethora of available concurrent technologies that have many control knobs which require fine-tuning by experts. Exiting studies that build decision models for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Nicolas Six , Nicolas Herbaut , Camille Salinesi

With rapid development of blockchain technology as well as integration of various application areas, performance evaluation, performance optimization, and dynamic decision in blockchain systems are playing an increasingly important role in…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Quan-Lin Li , Yan-Xia Chang , Qing Wang

In Bitcoin system, transactions are prioritized according to transaction fees. Transactions without fees are given low priority and likely to wait for confirmation. Because the demand of micro payment in Bitcoin is expected to increase due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Shoji Kasahara , Jun Kawahara

Data is of unprecedented importance today. The most valuable companies of today treat data as a commodity, which they trade and earn revenues. To facilitate such trading, data marketplaces have emerged. Present data marketplaces are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Prabal Banerjee , Sushmita Ruj