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Many software projects implement APIs and algorithms in multiple programming languages. Maintaining such projects is tiresome, as developers have to ensure that any change (e.g., a bug fix or a new feature) is being propagated, timely and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Jiyang Zhang , Pengyu Nie , Junyi Jessy Li , Milos Gligoric

Instruction-guided image editing has achieved remarkable progress, yet current models still face challenges with complex instructions and often require multiple samples to produce a desired result. Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xin Luo , Jiahao Wang , Chenyuan Wu , Shitao Xiao , Xiyan Jiang , Defu Lian , Jiajun Zhang , Dong Liu , Zheng liu

With the decline of Moore's law, optimizing program performance has become a major focus of software research. However, high-level optimizations such as API and algorithm changes remain elusive due to the difficulty of understanding the…

Reading code is an essential activity in software maintenance and evolution. Several studies with human subjects have investigated how different factors, such as the employed programming constructs and naming conventions, can impact code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Delano Oliveira , Reydne Bruno , Fernanda Madeiral , Fernando Castor

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in understanding and generating codes. Due to these capabilities, many recent methods are proposed to automatically refine the codes with LLMs. However, we should…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Minju Seo , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

This paper presents a study of using large language models (LLMs) in modifying existing code. While LLMs for generating code have been widely studied, their role in code modification remains less understood. Although "prompting" serves as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Ningzhi Tang , Emory Smith , Yu Huang , Collin McMillan , Toby Jia-Jun Li

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising results for software engineering applications, but still struggle with code reasoning tasks such as vulnerability detection (VD). We introduce ConceptCoder, a fine-tuning method that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Md Mahbubur Rahman , Hengbo Tong , Wei Le

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming software engineering, with coding assistants embedded in an IDE becoming increasingly prevalent. While research has focused on improving the tools and understanding developer…

We apply machine learning to version control data to measure the quantity of effort required to produce source code changes. We construct a model of a `standard coder' trained from examples of code changes produced by actual software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Ian Wright , Albert Ziegler

Code changes are an integral part of the software development process. Many code changes are meant to improve the code without changing its functional behavior, e.g., refactorings and performance improvements. Unfortunately, validating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Lars Gröninger , Beatriz Souza , Michael Pradel

Model editing has become an increasingly popular alternative for efficiently updating knowledge within language models. Current methods mainly focus on reliability, generalization, and locality, with many methods excelling across these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Qi Li , Xiang Liu , Zhenheng Tang , Peijie Dong , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Xiaowen Chu

Pretrained language models have been shown to be effective in many software-related generation tasks; however, they are not well-suited for editing tasks as they are not designed to reason about edits. To address this, we propose a novel…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Jiyang Zhang , Sheena Panthaplackel , Pengyu Nie , Junyi Jessy Li , Milos Gligoric

Code optimization is the process of enhancing code efficiency, while preserving its intended functionality. This process often requires a deep understanding of the code execution behavior at run-time to identify and address inefficiencies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Federico Di Menna , Luca Traini , Gabriele Bavota , Vittorio Cortellessa

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their capabilities in natural language processing and code synthesis, enabling more complex applications across different fields. This paper explores the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Mohammad Setak , Pooria Madani

Programming languages are emerging as a challenging and interesting domain for machine learning. A core task, which has received significant attention in recent years, is building generative models of source code. However, to our knowledge,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Rui Zhao , David Bieber , Kevin Swersky , Daniel Tarlow

Molecular optimization is a central task in drug discovery that requires precise structural reasoning and domain knowledge. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating high-level editing intentions in natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Wenyu Zhu , Chengzhu Li , Xiaohe Tian , Yifan Wang , Yinjun Jia , Jianhui Wang , Bowen Gao , Ya-Qin Zhang , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Source code is usually formatted with elements like indentation and newlines to improve readability for human developers. However, these visual aids do not seem to be beneficial for large language models (LLMs) in the same way since the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Dangfeng Pan , Zhensu Sun , Cenyuan Zhang , David Lo , Xiaoning Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their training requires extensive data and computational resources, rendering them valuable digital assets. Therefore, it is essential to watermark LLMs to protect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shuai Li , Kejiang Chen , Jun Jiang , Jie Zhang , Qiyi Yao , Kai Zeng , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

The prominent large language models (LLMs) of today differ from past language models not only in size, but also in the fact that they are trained on a combination of natural language and formal language (code). As a medium between humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Ke Yang , Jiateng Liu , John Wu , Chaoqi Yang , Yi R. Fung , Sha Li , Zixuan Huang , Xu Cao , Xingyao Wang , Yiquan Wang , Heng Ji , Chengxiang Zhai

Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs), such as StarCoder, have demonstrated exceptional performance in code-related tasks. However, most existing models are solely pre-trained on extensive raw code data without instruction fine-tuning. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ziyang Luo , Can Xu , Pu Zhao , Qingfeng Sun , Xiubo Geng , Wenxiang Hu , Chongyang Tao , Jing Ma , Qingwei Lin , Daxin Jiang