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Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) is a fundamental operation in graph computing and analytics. However, the irregularity of real-world graphs poses significant challenges to achieving efficient SpMM operation for graph data on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Zhonggen Li , Xiangyu Ke , Yifan Zhu , Yunjun Gao , Yaofeng Tu

Computationally efficient matrix multiplication is a fundamental requirement in various fields, including and particularly in data analytics. To do so, the computation task of a large-scale matrix multiplication is typically outsourced to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Jaber Kakar , Seyedhamed Ebadifar , Aydin Sezgin

While homomorphic encryption (HE) provides strong privacy protection, its high computational cost has restricted its application to simple tasks. Recently, hyperdimensional computing (HDC) applied to HE has shown promising performance for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jaewoo Park , Chenghao Quan , Jongeun Lee

We investigate the problem of privacy preserving distributed matrix multiplication in edge networks using multi-party computation (MPC). Coded multi-party computation (CMPC) is an emerging approach to reduce the required number of workers…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Elahe Vedadi , Yasaman Keshtkarjahromi , Hulya Seferoglu

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is one of the most promising technologies for privacy protection as it allows an arbitrary number of function computations over encrypted data. However, the computational cost of these FHE systems limits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Toufique Morshed , Md Momin Al Aziz , Noman Mohammed

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is pivotal for secure computation on encrypted data, crucial in privacy-preserving data analysis. However, efficiently processing high-dimensional data in HE, especially for machine learning and statistical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Joon Soo Yoo , Baek Kyung Song , Tae Min Ahn , Ji Won Heo , Ji Won Yoon

We present the first theoretical convergence analysis of machine learning training under fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), combined with a differentially private (DP) training algorithm tailored to encrypted computation. Our approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yvonne Zhou , Mingyu Liang , Ivan Brugere , Danial Dervovic , Yue Guo , Antigoni Polychroniadou , Min Wu , Dana Dachman-Soled

This paper presents an efficient framework for private Transformer inference that combines Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and Secure Multi-party Computation (MPC) to protect data privacy. Existing methods often leverage HE for linear layers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Tianshi Xu , Wen-jie Lu , Jiangrui Yu , Chen Yi , Chenqi Lin , Runsheng Wang , Meng Li

Traditional approaches to vector similarity search over encrypted data rely on fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) to enable computation without decryption. However, the substantial computational overhead of FHE makes it impractical for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Dongfang Zhao

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is known to be extremely computationally-intensive, application-specific accelerators emerged as a powerful solution to narrow the performance gap. Nonetheless, due to the increasing complexities in FHE…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Lin Ding , Song Bian , Penggao He , Yan Xu , Gang Qu , Jiliang Zhang

Matrix multiplication is a cornerstone operation in a wide array of scientific fields, including machine learning and computer graphics. The standard algorithm for matrix multiplication has a complexity of $\mathcal{O}(n^3)$ for $n\times n$…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Afzal Ahmad , Linfeng Du , Wei Zhang

General-purpose Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) is a fundamental kernel in scientific computing and deep learning. The emergence of new matrix computation units such as Tensor Cores (TCs) brings more opportunities for SpMM…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Haisha Zhao , San Li , Jiaheng Wang , Chunbao Zhou , Jue Wang , Zhikuang Xin , Shunde Li , Zhiqiang Liang , Zhijie Pan , Fang Liu , Yan Zeng , Yangang Wang , Xuebin Chi

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a cryptographic method that guarantees the privacy and security of user data during computation. FHE algorithms can perform unlimited arithmetic computations directly on encrypted data without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Charles Gouert , Vinu Joseph , Steven Dalton , Cedric Augonnet , Michael Garland , Nektarios Georgios Tsoutsos

Machine learning models are often provisioned as a cloud-based service where the clients send their data to the service provider to obtain the result. This setting is commonplace due to the high value of the models, but it requires the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jaewoo Park , Chenghao Quan , Hyungon Moon , Jongeun Lee

Recently cloud-based graph convolutional network (GCN) has demonstrated great success and potential in many privacy-sensitive applications such as personal healthcare and financial systems. Despite its high inference accuracy and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Ran Ran , Nuo Xu , Wei Wang , Gang Quan , Jieming Yin , Wujie Wen

In this work, we present a novel matrix-encoding method that is particularly convenient for neural networks to make predictions in a privacy-preserving manner using homomorphic encryption. Based on this encoding method, we implement a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 John Chiang

Privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) has become increasingly important in applications where sensitive data must remain confidential. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables computation directly on encrypted data, allowing neural network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nges Brian Njungle , Eric Jahns , Michel A. Kinsy

Traditional Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) schemes often suffer from prohibitive computational overhead and complex noise management. In this paper, we propose a novel symmetric FHE through a mechanism of plaintext fragmentation and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Mostefa Kara

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a set of powerful cryptographic schemes that allows computation to be performed directly on encrypted data with an unlimited depth. Despite FHE's promising in privacy-preserving computing, yet in most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yi Huang , Xinsheng Gong , Xiangyu Kong , Dibei Chen , Jianfeng Zhu , Wenping Zhu , Liangwei Li , Mingyu Gao , Shaojun Wei , Aoyang Zhang , Leibo Liu

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has experienced significant development and continuous breakthroughs in theory, enabling its widespread application in various fields, like outsourcing computation and secure multi-party computing, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yanwei Gong , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić , Jianhua Wang , Haoran Zhu