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The density of polynomials in a weighted space of infinitely differentiable functions in a multidimensional real space is proved under minimal conditions on weight functions and on differences between weight functions. We apply this result…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. V. Fedotova , I. Kh. Musin

This paper studies the approximation capabilities of neural networks that combine layer normalization (LN) with linear layers. We prove that networks consisting of two linear layers with parallel layer normalizations (PLNs) inserted between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yunhao Ni , Yuxin Guo , Yuhe Liu , Wenxin Sun , Jie Luo , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

We propose a novel extension to symmetrized neural network operators by incorporating fractional and mixed activation functions. This study addresses the limitations of existing models in approximating higher-order smooth functions,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-22 Rômulo Damasclin Chaves dos Santos , Jorge Henrique de Oliveira Sales

In this paper we study the Sobolev embedding theorem for variable exponent spaces with critical exponents. We find conditions on the best constant in order to guaranty the existence of extremals. The proof is based on a suitable refinement…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-11-06 Julian Fernandez Bonder , Nicolas Saintier , Analia Silva

This paper establishes an abstract Korovkin-type approximation theorem in general spaces, extending the framework of approximation theory to accommodate broader contexts. A critical result supporting this theorem is the proof that any…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Dilek Söylemez , Mehmet Ünver

We use deep sparsely connected neural networks to measure the complexity of a function class in $L^2(\mathbb R^d)$ by restricting connectivity and memory requirement for storing the neural networks. We also introduce representation system -…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Khay Boon Hong

Random feature methods have been successful in various machine learning tasks, are easy to compute, and come with theoretical accuracy bounds. They serve as an alternative approach to standard neural networks since they can represent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-21 Abolfazl Hashemi , Hayden Schaeffer , Robert Shi , Ufuk Topcu , Giang Tran , Rachel Ward

We discuss the effects of common synaptic inputs in a recurrent neural network. Because of the effects of these common synaptic inputs, the correlation between neural inputs cannot be ignored, and thus the network exhibits sample…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-09-29 Masaki Kawamura , Michiko Yamana , Masato Okada

We study feedforward neural networks with inputs from a topological space (TFNNs). We prove a universal approximation theorem for shallow TFNNs, which demonstrates their capacity to approximate any continuous function defined on this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Vugar Ismailov

We study the expressivity of sparse maxout networks, where each neuron takes a fixed number of inputs from the previous layer and employs a, possibly multi-argument, maxout activation. This setting captures key characteristics of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Moritz Grillo , Tobias Hofmann

Deep learning has achieved notable success in various fields, including image and speech recognition. One of the factors in the successful performance of deep learning is its high feature extraction ability. In this study, we focus on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-01 Kazuma Tsuji , Taiji Suzuki

We give conditions on the exponent function $p(\cdot)$ that imply the existence of embeddings between grand, small and variable Lebesgue spaces. We construct examples to show that our results are close to optimal. Our work extends recent…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-06-20 David Cruz-Uribe , Alberto Fiorenza , Oscar Guzman

Extrapolation -- the ability to make inferences that go beyond the scope of one's experiences -- is a hallmark of human intelligence. By contrast, the generalization exhibited by contemporary neural network algorithms is largely limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Taylor W. Webb , Zachary Dulberg , Steven M. Frankland , Alexander A. Petrov , Randall C. O'Reilly , Jonathan D. Cohen

Motivated by the Central Limit Theorem, in this paper, we study both universal and non-universal simulations of random variables with an arbitrary target distribution $Q_{Y}$ by general mappings, not limited to linear ones (as in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Lei Yu

Discretization of the uniform norm of functions from a given finite dimensional subspace of continuous functions is studied. Previous known results show that for any $N$-dimensional subspace of the space of continuous functions it is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-08 E. D. Kosov , V. N. Temlyakov

Bayesian variable selection has gained much empirical success recently in a variety of applications when the number $K$ of explanatory variables $(x_1,...,x_K)$ is possibly much larger than the sample size $n$. For generalized linear…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Wenxin Jiang

In this paper, we prove the rate of approximation for the Neural Network Sampling Operators activated by sigmoidal functions with mixed Lebesgue norm in terms of averaged modulus of smoothness for a bounded measurable functions on bounded…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Arpan Kumar Dey , A. Sathish Kumar , P. Devaraj

Group symmetry is inherent in a wide variety of data distributions. Data processing that preserves symmetry is described as an equivariant map and often effective in achieving high performance. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-29 Wataru Kumagai , Akiyoshi Sannai

We study the approximation rates of a class of deep neural network approximations of operators which arise as data-to-solution maps $\mathcal{S}$ of linear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs), and act between pairs $X,Y$ of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Carlo Marcati , Christoph Schwab

Neural Networks (NNs) are the method of choice for building learning algorithms. Their popularity stems from their empirical success on several challenging learning problems. However, most scholars agree that a convincing theoretical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Ronald DeVore , Boris Hanin , Guergana Petrova