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This work introduces a novel methodology for the automatic detection of hallucinations generated during large language model (LLM) inference. The proposed approach is based on a systematic taxonomy and controlled reproduction of diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Maksym Zavhorodnii , Dmytro Dehtiarov , Anna Konovalenko

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the development of natural language processing (NLP), especially in text generation tasks like question answering. However, model hallucinations remain a major…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhongxin Liu , Zhiwei Wang , Jun Niu , Ying Li , Hongyu Sun , Meng Xu , He Wang , Gaofei Wu , Yuqing Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) deliver detailed responses on vision-language tasks, yet remain susceptible to object hallucination (introducing objects not present in the image), undermining reliability in practice. Prior efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shiwei Tan , Hengyi Wang , Weiyi Qin , Qi Xu , Zhigang Hua , Hao Wang

Hallucinations in large language model (LLM) outputs severely limit their reliability in knowledge-intensive tasks such as question answering. To address this challenge, we introduce REFIND (Retrieval-augmented Factuality hallucINation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 DongGeon Lee , Hwanjo Yu

This paper introduces a comprehensive system for detecting hallucinations in large language model (LLM) outputs in enterprise settings. We present a novel taxonomy of LLM responses specific to hallucination in enterprise applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Bibek Paudel , Alexander Lyzhov , Preetam Joshi , Puneet Anand

Vision language models (VLM) demonstrate sophisticated multimodal reasoning yet are prone to hallucination when confronted with knowledge conflicts, impeding their deployment in information-sensitive contexts. While existing research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Peter Carragher , Nikitha Rao , Abhinand Jha , R Raghav , Kathleen M. Carley

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse vision-language tasks, yet they remain highly susceptible to hallucinations, producing content that is fluent but inconsistent with visual evidence.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Youxu Shi , Suorong Yang , Dong Liu

Machine Translation (MT) is undergoing a paradigm shift, with systems based on fine-tuned large language models (LLM) becoming increasingly competitive with traditional encoder-decoder models trained specifically for translation tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Zilu Tang , Rajen Chatterjee , Sarthak Garg

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision-language understanding tasks. While these models often produce linguistically coherent output, they often suffer from hallucinations, generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sujoy Nath , Arkaprabha Basu , Sharanya Dasgupta , Swagatam Das

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models are designed to incorporate external knowledge, reducing hallucinations caused by insufficient parametric (internal) knowledge. However, even with accurate and relevant retrieved content, RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zhongxiang Sun , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Yang Song , Jun Xu , Xiao Zhang , Weijie Yu , Yang Song , Han Li

Large language models are successful in answering factoid questions but are also prone to hallucination. We investigate the phenomenon of LLMs possessing correct answer knowledge yet still hallucinating from the perspective of inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Che Jiang , Biqing Qi , Xiangyu Hong , Dayuan Fu , Yang Cheng , Fandong Meng , Mo Yu , Bowen Zhou , Jie Zhou

Video large language models have not yet been widely deployed, largely due to their tendency to hallucinate. Typical benchmarks for Video-LLMs rely simply on multiple-choice questions. Unfortunately, VideoLLMs hallucinate far more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Ruchit Rawal , Reza Shirkavand , Heng Huang , Gowthami Somepalli , Tom Goldstein

Large language model (LLM) systems suffer from the models' unstable ability to generate valid and factual content, resulting in hallucination generation. Current hallucination detection methods heavily rely on out-of-model information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Peiran Wang , Yang Liu , Yunfei Lu , Jue Hong , Ye Wu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in video understanding.However, hallucination, where the model generates plausible yet incorrect outputs, persists as a significant and under-addressed challenge in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jianfeng Cai , Wengang Zhou , Zongmeng Zhang , Jiale Hong , Nianji Zhan , Houqiang Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at generating highly detailed captions but often produce hallucinations. Our analysis reveals that existing hallucination detection methods struggle with detailed captions. We attribute this to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Saehyung Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Jing Shi , Sungroh Yoon

Large-scale multilingual machine translation systems have demonstrated remarkable ability to translate directly between numerous languages, making them increasingly appealing for real-world applications. However, when deployed in the wild,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Nuno M. Guerreiro , Duarte Alves , Jonas Waldendorf , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch , Pierre Colombo , André F. T. Martins

This project develops a self correcting framework for large language models (LLMs) that detects and mitigates hallucinations during multi-step reasoning. Rather than relying solely on final answer correctness, our approach leverages fine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Chelsea Zou , Yiheng Yao , Basant Khalil

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown solid ability for multimodal understanding of both visual and language contexts. However, existing VLMs often face severe challenges of hallucinations, meaning that VLMs tend to generate responses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jinjin Cao , Zhiyang Chen , Zijun Wang , Liyuan Ma , Weijian Luo , Guojun Qi

In the era of large language models (LLMs), hallucination (i.e., the tendency to generate factually incorrect content) poses great challenge to trustworthy and reliable deployment of LLMs in real-world applications. To tackle the LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Junyi Li , Jie Chen , Ruiyang Ren , Xiaoxue Cheng , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are susceptible to object hallucinations, an issue in which their generated text contains non-existent objects, greatly limiting their reliability and practicality. Current approaches often rely on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ailin Deng , Zhirui Chen , Bryan Hooi