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Discriminatory gender biases have been found in Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) for multiple languages. In Natural Language Inference (NLI), existing bias evaluation methods have focused on the prediction results of one specific label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit social biases, which can lead to harmful stereotypes and unfair outcomes. We propose \textbf{Multi-Persona Thinking (MPT)}, a simple inference-time framework that reduces social bias by encouraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yuxing Chen , Guoqing Luo , Zijun Wu , Lili Mou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, but their susceptibility to biases poses significant challenges. This comprehensive review examines the landscape of bias in LLMs, from its origins to current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yufei Guo , Muzhe Guo , Juntao Su , Zhou Yang , Mengqiu Zhu , Hongfei Li , Mengyang Qiu , Shuo Shuo Liu

In the evolving landscape of online communication, hate speech detection remains a formidable challenge, further compounded by the diversity of digital platforms. This study investigates the effectiveness and adaptability of pre-trained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ahmad Nasir , Aadish Sharma , Kokil Jaidka , Saifuddin Ahmed

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in high-stakes settings including healthcare and medicine, where demographic attributes such as race and ethnicity may be explicitly stated or implicitly inferred from text. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shiyue Hu , Ruizhe Li , Yanjun Gao

Auditing Large Language Models (LLMs) to discover their biases and preferences is an emerging challenge in creating Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI). While various methods have been proposed to elicit the preferences of such models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Leif Azzopardi , Yashar Moshfeghi

Language models trained on large-scale unfiltered datasets curated from the open web acquire systemic biases, prejudices, and harmful views from their training data. We present a methodology for programmatically identifying and removing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Helen Ngo , Cooper Raterink , João G. M. Araújo , Ivan Zhang , Carol Chen , Adrien Morisot , Nicholas Frosst

As large language models (LLMs) become an important way of information access, there have been increasing concerns that LLMs may intensify the spread of unethical content, including implicit bias that hurts certain populations without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Yuchen Wen , Keping Bi , Wei Chen , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

The recycling of contrastive language-image pre-trained (CLIP) models as backbones for a large number of downstream tasks calls for a thorough analysis of their transferability implications, especially their well-documented reproduction of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ryan Ramos , Yusuke Hirota , Yuta Nakashima , Noa Garcia

Facial analysis models are increasingly applied in real-world applications that have significant impact on peoples' lives. However, as literature has shown, models that automatically classify facial attributes might exhibit algorithmic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Camila Kolling , Victor Araujo , Adriano Veloso , Soraia Raupp Musse

Sensitive attributes are legally protected characteristics that should not be used to discriminate. Careful steps have been taken to minimize the risk of human bias regarding these fields, such as race and age. Large language models (LLMs)…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anay Agarwalla , Simeon Sayer

Social biases can manifest in language agency. However, very limited research has investigated such biases in Large Language Model (LLM)-generated content. In addition, previous works often rely on string-matching techniques to identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yixin Wan , Kai-Wei Chang

The presence of social biases in large language models (LLMs) has become a significant concern in AI research. These biases, often embedded in training data, can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and distort decision-making processes. When…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Amirabbas Afzali , Amirreza Velae , Iman Ahmadi , Mohammad Aliannejadi

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked intense debate regarding the prevalence of bias in these models and its mitigation. Yet, as exemplified by both results on debiasing methods in the literature and reports of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 David F. Jenny , Yann Billeter , Mrinmaya Sachan , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zhijing Jin

Recently, researchers have made considerable improvements in dialogue systems with the progress of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GPT-4. These LLM-based chatbots encode the potential biases while retaining disparities that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Hsuan Su , Cheng-Chu Cheng , Hua Farn , Shachi H Kumar , Saurav Sahay , Shang-Tse Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Vision-language models trained on large-scale multimodal datasets show strong demographic biases, but the role of training data in producing these biases remains unclear. A major barrier has been the lack of demographic annotations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Leander Girrbach , Stephan Alaniz , Genevieve Smith , Trevor Darrell , Zeynep Akata

While pretraining language models with politically diverse content has been shown to improve downstream task fairness, such approaches require significant computational resources often inaccessible to many researchers and organizations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Stefano Civelli , Pietro Bernardelle , Gianluca Demartini

Multilingual studies of social bias in open-ended LLM generation remain limited: most existing benchmarks are English-centric, template-based, or restricted to recognizing pre-specified stereotypes. We introduce StereoTales, a multilingual…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Pierre Le Jeune , Étienne Duchesne , Weixuan Xiao , Stefano Palminteri , Bazire Houssin , Benoît Malézieux , Matteo Dora

Algorithms deployed in education can shape the learning experience and success of a student. It is therefore important to understand whether and how such algorithms might create inequalities or amplify existing biases. In this paper, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Jade Maï Cock , Muhammad Bilal , Richard Davis , Mirko Marras , Tanja Käser

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous in many fields, understanding and mitigating LLM biases is an ongoing issue. This paper provides a novel method for evaluating the demographic biases of various generative AI models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jack H Fagan , Ruhaan Juyaal , Amy Yue-Ming Yu , Siya Pun
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