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Self-modulating mechanisms introduce dynamic adaptation capabilities within language models through contextual realignment strategies that influence token embedding trajectories across extended sequences. Contextual Flux is explored as an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Henry Evidail , Zachary Mountebank , Alistair Hathersage , Peter Stanhope , Basil Ravenscroft , Tobias Waddingham

A distributed quantum storage code maps a quantum message to N storage nodes, of arbitrary specified sizes, such that the stored message is robust to an arbitrary specified set of erasure patterns. The sizes of the storage nodes, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hua Sun , Syed A. Jafar

Every system that maintains a large language model conversation beyond a single session faces two inescapable constraints: the context window is finite, and information quality degrades with accumulated volume. We formalize these…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Borja Odriozola Schick

Determining how the brain stores information is one of the most pressing problems in neuroscience. In many instances, the collection of stimuli for a given neuron can be modeled by a convex set in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Combinatorial objects known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-29 R. Amzi Jeffs , Mohamed Omar , Natchanon Suaysom , Aleina Wachtel , Nora Youngs

We consider energy-constrained infinite-dimensional quantum channels from a given system (satisfying a certain condition) to any other systems. We show that dealing with basic capacities of these channels we may assume (accepting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-28 M. E. Shirokov

Semantic communication (SemCom) with learned encoder-decoder architectures enables end-to-end learning of compact task-oriented representations optimized for the wireless channel, reducing channel resources needed to convey task-relevant…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yalin E. Sagduyu , Tugba Erpek

Sentence embeddings encode natural language sentences as low-dimensional dense vectors. A great deal of effort has been put into using sentence embeddings to improve several important natural language processing tasks. Relation extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Alexander Kalinowski , Yuan An

Efficient parallelization of Large Language Models (LLMs) with long sequences is essential but challenging due to their significant computational and memory demands, particularly stemming from communication bottlenecks in attention…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongwu Wang , Fangxin Liu , Mingshuai Li , Li Jiang

The linear representation hypothesis states that language models (LMs) encode concepts as directions in their latent space, forming organized, multidimensional manifolds. Prior work has largely focused on identifying specific geometries for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Federico Tiblias , Irina Bigoulaeva , Jingcheng Niu , Simone Balloccu , Iryna Gurevych

Tokenization is a necessary component within the current architecture of many language mod-els, including the transformer-based large language models (LLMs) of Generative AI, yet its impact on the model's cognition is often overlooked. We…

Conventional word embeddings represent words with fixed vectors, which are usually trained based on co-occurrence patterns among words. In doing so, however, the power of such representations is limited, where the same word might be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Hongming Zhang , Jiaxin Bai , Yan Song , Kun Xu , Changlong Yu , Yangqiu Song , Wilfred Ng , Dong Yu

Latent representations learned by neural networks often exhibit semantic structure, where concept similarity is reflected by geometric proximity in embedding space. However, comparing such spaces across models remains difficult: changes in…

Transformer-based embedding models frequently exhibit geometric pathologies, such as anisotropy and length-induced representation collapse, which can degrade downstream retrieval performance. While prior work often attributes these issues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Hang Gao , Wujiang Xu , Kai Mei , Dimitris N. Metaxas

The Semantic Layered Embedding Diffusion (SLED) mechanism redefines the representation of hierarchical semantics within transformer-based architectures, enabling enhanced contextual consistency across a wide array of linguistic tasks. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Irin Kabakum , Thomas Montgomery , Daniel Ravenwood , Genevieve Harrington

The challenge of raising a creative question exists in recombining different categories of knowledge. However, the impact of recombination remains controversial. Drawing on the theories of knowledge recombination and category spanning, we…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Haochuan Cui , Tiewei Li , Cheng-Jun Wang

New channel coding converse and achievability bounds are derived for a single use of an arbitrary channel. Both bounds are expressed using a quantity called the "smooth 0-divergence", which is a generalization of Renyi's divergence of order…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-29 Ligong Wang , Roger Colbeck , Renato Renner

Sentence embeddings can be decoded to give approximations of the original texts used to create them. We explore this effect in the context of text simplification, demonstrating that reconstructed text embeddings preserve complexity levels.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Matthew Shardlow

We initiate the rigorous study of classification in semimetric spaces, which are point sets with a distance function that is non-negative and symmetric, but need not satisfy the triangle inequality. For metric spaces, the doubling dimension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Lee-Ad Gottlieb , Aryeh Kontorovich

Random embeddings project high-dimensional spaces to low-dimensional ones; they are careful constructions which allow the approximate preservation of key properties, such as the pair-wise distances between points. Often in the field of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-08 Zhen Shao

Contextualized word embeddings in language models have given much advance to NLP. Intuitively, sentential information is integrated into the representation of words, which can help model polysemy. However, context sensitivity also leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Yile Wang , Yue Zhang