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Mobile GUI agents powered by large foundation models enable autonomous task execution, but frequent updates altering UI appearance and reorganizing workflows cause agents trained on historical data to fail. Despite surface changes,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Libo Sun , Jiwen Zhang , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei

Exploratory GUI testing is essential for software quality but suffers from high manual costs. While Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) agents excel in navigation, they fail to autonomously discover defects due to two core challenges:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yifei Gao , Jiang Wu , Xiaoyi Chen , Yifan Yang , Zhe Cui , Tianyi Ma , Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang

The paper introduces GUI-Owl-1.5, the latest native GUI agent model that features instruct/thinking variants in multiple sizes (2B/4B/8B/32B/235B) and supports a range of platforms (desktop, mobile, browser, and more) to enable cloud-edge…

While AI agents demonstrate remarkable capabilities in reasoning and tool use, they remain fundamentally reactive: they compute responses only after explicit user prompts. This paradigm ignores a critical opportunity: the idle time between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haoyi Hu , Qirong Lyu , Xianghan Kong , Weiwen Liu , Jianghao Lin , Zixuan Guo , Yan Xu , Yasheng Wang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Utilizing Graphic User Interface (GUI) for human-computer interaction is essential for accessing a wide range of digital tools. Recent advancements in Vision Language Models (VLMs) highlight the compelling potential to develop versatile…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Wentong Chen , Junbo Cui , Jinyi Hu , Yujia Qin , Junjie Fang , Yue Zhao , Chongyi Wang , Jun Liu , Guirong Chen , Yupeng Huo , Yuan Yao , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Benchmarks are paramount for gauging progress in the domain of Mobile GUI Agents. In practical scenarios, users frequently fail to articulate precise directives containing full task details at the onset, and their expressions are typically…

Building autonomous agents that perceive and operate graphical user interfaces (GUIs) like humans has long been a vision in the field of artificial intelligence. Central to these agents is the capability for GUI interaction, which involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hongxin Li , Jingran Su , Jingfan Chen , Zheng Ju , Yuntao Chen , Qing Li , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Autonomous agents that navigate Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) to automate tasks like document editing and file management can greatly enhance computer workflows. While existing research focuses on online settings, desktop environments,…

The development of autonomous agents for graphical user interfaces (GUIs) presents major challenges in artificial intelligence. While recent advances in native agent models have shown promise by unifying perception, reasoning, action, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Haoming Wang , Haoyang Zou , Huatong Song , Jiazhan Feng , Junjie Fang , Junting Lu , Longxiang Liu , Qinyu Luo , Shihao Liang , Shijue Huang , Wanjun Zhong , Yining Ye , Yujia Qin , Yuwen Xiong , Yuxin Song , Zhiyong Wu , Aoyan Li , Bo Li , Chen Dun , Chong Liu , Daoguang Zan , Fuxing Leng , Hanbin Wang , Hao Yu , Haobin Chen , Hongyi Guo , Jing Su , Jingjia Huang , Kai Shen , Kaiyu Shi , Lin Yan , Peiyao Zhao , Pengfei Liu , Qinghao Ye , Renjie Zheng , Shulin Xin , Wayne Xin Zhao , Wen Heng , Wenhao Huang , Wenqian Wang , Xiaobo Qin , Yi Lin , Youbin Wu , Zehui Chen , Zihao Wang , Baoquan Zhong , Xinchun Zhang , Xujing Li , Yuanfan Li , Zhongkai Zhao , Chengquan Jiang , Faming Wu , Haotian Zhou , Jinlin Pang , Li Han , Qi Liu , Qianli Ma , Siyao Liu , Songhua Cai , Wenqi Fu , Xin Liu , Yaohui Wang , Zhi Zhang , Bo Zhou , Guoliang Li , Jiajun Shi , Jiale Yang , Jie Tang , Li Li , Qihua Han , Taoran Lu , Woyu Lin , Xiaokang Tong , Xinyao Li , Yichi Zhang , Yu Miao , Zhengxuan Jiang , Zili Li , Ziyuan Zhao , Chenxin Li , Dehua Ma , Feng Lin , Ge Zhang , Haihua Yang , Hangyu Guo , Hongda Zhu , Jiaheng Liu , Junda Du , Kai Cai , Kuanye Li , Lichen Yuan , Meilan Han , Minchao Wang , Shuyue Guo , Tianhao Cheng , Xiaobo Ma , Xiaojun Xiao , Xiaolong Huang , Xinjie Chen , Yidi Du , Yilin Chen , Yiwen Wang , Zhaojian Li , Zhenzhu Yang , Zhiyuan Zeng , Chaolin Jin , Chen Li , Hao Chen , Haoli Chen , Jian Chen , Qinghao Zhao , Guang Shi

Computer-use agents (CUAs) automate on-screen work, as illustrated by GPT-5.4 and Claude. Yet their reliability on complex, low-frequency interactions is still poor, limiting user trust. Our analysis of failure cases from advanced models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Miaosen Zhang , Xiaohan Zhao , Zhihong Tan , Zhou Huoshen , Yijia Fan , Yifan Yang , Kai Qiu , Bei Liu , Justin Wagle , Chenzhong Yin , Mingxi Cheng , Ji Li , Qi Dai , Chong Luo , Xu Yang , Xin Geng , Baining Guo

Mobile GUI agents can automate smartphone tasks by interacting directly with app interfaces, but how they should communicate with users during execution remains underexplored. Existing systems rely on two extremes: foreground execution,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jeonghyeon Kim , Byeongjun Joung , Junwon Lee , Joohyung Lee , Taehoon Min , Sunjae Lee

Modern world models require costly and time-consuming collection of large video datasets with action demonstrations by people or by environment-specific agents. To simplify training, we focus on using many virtual environments for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Nedko Savov , Naser Kazemi , Mohammad Mahdi , Danda Pani Paudel , Xi Wang , Luc Van Gool

While GUI agents have shown impressive capabilities in common computer-use tasks such as OSWorld, current benchmarks mainly focus on isolated and single-application tasks. This overlooks a critical real-world requirement of coordinating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinchao Li , Yunxin Li , Chenrui Zhao , Zhenran Xu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents have emerged as a transformative paradigm in human-computer interaction, evolving from rule-based automation scripts to sophisticated AI-driven systems capable of understanding and executing complex…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fei Tang , Haolei Xu , Hang Zhang , Siqi Chen , Xingyu Wu , Yongliang Shen , Wenqi Zhang , Guiyang Hou , Zeqi Tan , Yuchen Yan , Kaitao Song , Jian Shao , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang

Autonomous GUI agents based on vision-language models (VLMs) often assume deterministic environment responses, generating actions without verifying whether previous operations succeeded. In real-world settings with network latency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yuzhe Zhang , Xianwei Xue , Xingyong Wu , Mengke Chen , Chen Liu , Xinran He , Run Shao , Feiran Liu , Huanmin Xu , Qiutong Pan , Haiwei Wang

Existing Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents operate through step-by-step calls to vision language models--taking a screenshot, reasoning about the next action, executing it, then repeating on the new page--resulting in high costs and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Hongbin Zhong , Fazle Faisal , Luis França , Tanakorn Leesatapornwongsa , Adriana Szekeres , Kexin Rong , Suman Nath

Mobile GUI agents powered by large language models have progressed rapidly, creating urgent needs for realistic and comprehensive evaluation. Existing benchmarks prioritize reproducibility but are often limited to open-source apps or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Guohong Liu , Jialei Ye , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Yunxin Liu , Yuanchun Li

The recent progress of large language model agents has opened new possibilities for automating tasks through graphical user interfaces (GUIs), especially in mobile environments where intelligent interaction can greatly enhance usability.…

Autonomous graphical user interface (GUI) agents aim to facilitate task automation by interacting with the user interface without manual intervention. Recent studies have investigated eliciting the capabilities of large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Zhuosheng Zhang , Aston Zhang

With the rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence technology, Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have demonstrated tremendous potential for autonomously managing daily tasks through natural language instructions. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Fengxian Ji , Jingpu Yang , Zirui Song , Yuanxi Wang , Zhexuan Cui , Yuke Li , Qian Jiang , Miao Fang , Xiuying Chen