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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) may offer an energy-efficient alternative for implementing deep learning applications. In recent years, there have been several proposals focused on supervised (conversion, spike-based gradient descent) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Priyadarshini Panda , Aparna Aketi , Kaushik Roy

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently attracted widespread research interest as an efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) because of their capability to process sparse and binary spike information and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yuhang Li , Abhishek Moitra , Tamar Geller , Priyadarshini Panda

In this era of AI revolution, massive investments in large-scale data-driven AI systems demand high-performance computing, consuming tremendous energy and resources. This trend raises new challenges in optimizing sustainability without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Tokey Tahmid , Mark Gates , Piotr Luszczek , Catherine D. Schuman

Unlike traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs), biological neuronal networks solve complex cognitive tasks with sparse neuronal activity, recurrent connections, and local learning rules. These mechanisms serve as design principles in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Matteo Saponati , Chiara De Luca , Giacomo Indiveri , Benjamin Grewe

Accurately assessing mental workload is crucial in cognitive neuroscience, human-computer interaction, and real-time monitoring, as cognitive load fluctuations affect performance and decision-making. While Electroencephalography (EEG) based…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jiahui An , Sara Irina Fabrikant , Giacomo Indiveri , Elisa Donati

The ambition of brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) is to become a low-power alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). This work addresses two major challenges in realizing this vision: the performance gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Man Yao , Xuerui Qiu , Tianxiang Hu , Jiakui Hu , Yuhong Chou , Keyu Tian , Jianxing Liao , Luziwei Leng , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are posited as a computationally efficient and biologically plausible alternative to conventional neural architectures, with their core computational framework primarily using the leaky integrate-and-fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Malyaban Bal , Abhronil Sengupta

Understanding cognitive flexibility and task-switching mechanisms in neural systems requires biologically plausible computational models. This tutorial presents a step-by-step approach to constructing a spiking neural network (SNN) that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-07 Ashwin Viswanathan Kannan , Madhumitha Ganesan

Reinforcement learning agents based on Transformer architectures have achieved impressive performance on sequential decision-making tasks, but their reliance on dense matrix operations makes them ill-suited for energy-constrained,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Vishal Pandey , Debasmita Biswas

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are promising brain-inspired models known for low power consumption and superior potential for temporal processing, but identifying suitable learning mechanisms remains a challenge. Despite the presence of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yuzhe Liu , Xin Deng , Qiang Yu

Compared to traditional Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Spiking Neural Network (SNN) has garnered widespread academic interest for its intrinsic ability to transmit information in a more energy-efficient manner. However, despite previous…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Zecheng Hao , Xinyu Shi , Yujia Liu , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer biologically inspired, energy-efficient alternatives to traditional Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for real-time control systems. However, their training presents several challenges, particularly for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ali Safa , Farida Mohsen , Ali Al-Zawqari

This study proposes a hybrid curriculum reinforcement learning (CRL) framework based on a fully spiking neural network (SNN) for 9-degree-of-freedom robotic arms performing target reaching and grasping tasks. To reduce network complexity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Liwen Zhang , Heng Deng , Guanghui Sun

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), particularly the single-spike variant in which neurons spike at most once, are considerably more energy efficient than standard artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, single-spike SSNs are difficult to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Luke Taylor , Andrew King , Nicol Harper

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) represent the latest generation of neural computation, offering a brain-inspired alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Unlike ANNs, which depend on continuous-valued signals, SNNs…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Sales G. Aribe

In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been used in reinforcement learning (RL) due to their low power consumption and event-driven features. However, spiking reinforcement learning (SRL), which suffers from fixed coding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Lang Qin , Rui Yan , Huajin Tang

This paper introduces a Spiking Diffusion Policy (SDP) learning method for robotic manipulation by integrating Spiking Neurons and Learnable Channel-wise Membrane Thresholds (LCMT) into the diffusion policy model, thereby enhancing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zhixing Hou , Maoxu Gao , Hang Yu , Mengyu Yang , Chio-In Ieong

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have made great progress on both performance and efficiency over the last few years,but their unique working pattern makes it hard to train a high-performance low-latency SNN.Thus the development of SNNs still…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yudong Li , Yunlin Lei , Xu Yang

As the size of large language models continue to scale, so does the computational resources required to run it. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an energy-efficient approach to deep learning that leverage sparse and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Rui-Jie Zhu , Qihang Zhao , Guoqi Li , Jason K. Eshraghian

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are considered as a potential candidate to overcome current challenges such as the high-power consumption encountered by artificial neural networks (ANNs), however there is still a gap between them with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Qiang Yu , Chenxiang Ma , Shiming Song , Gaoyan Zhang , Jianwu Dang , Kay Chen Tan