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The performance of a given quantum error correction (QEC) code depends upon the noise model that is assumed. Independent Pauli noise, applied after each quantum operation, is a simplistic noise model that is easy to simulate and understand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Wayne M. Witzel , Anand Ganti , Tzvetan S. Metodi

We consider a two-dimensional quantum memory of qubits on a torus which encode the extended Fibonaccistring-net code, and devise strategies for error correction when those qubits are subjected to depolarizing noise.Building on the concept…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-12 Alexis Schotte , Guanyu Zhu , Lander Burgelman , Frank Verstraete

A defining feature in the field of quantum computing is the potential of a quantum device to outperform its classical counterpart for a specific computational task. By now, several proposals exist showing that certain sampling problems can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-23 Rawad Mezher , Joe Ghalbouni , Joseph Dgheim , Damian Markham

Large-scale quantum information processing requires the use of quantum error correcting codes to mitigate the effects of noise in quantum devices. Topological error-correcting codes, such as surface codes, are promising candidates as they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-27 Kunihiro Wasa , Shin Nishio , Koki Suetsugu , Michael Hanks , Ashley Stephens , Yu Yokoi , Kae Nemoto

Clifford circuits play an important role in quantum computation. Gottesman and Chuang proposed a gate teleportation protocol so that a quantum circuit can be implemented by the teleportation circuit with specific ancillary qubits. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-31 Yi-Cong Zheng , Ching-Yi Lai , Todd A. Brun , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Quantum error correcting codes have been shown to have the ability of making quantum information resilient against noise. Here we show that we can use quantum error correcting codes as diagnostics to characterise noise. The experiment is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Laforest , D. Simon , J. -C. Boileau , J. Baugh , M. Ditty , R. Laflamme

Quantum circuits with local particle number conservation (LPNC) restrict the quantum computation to a subspace of the Hilbert space of the qubit register. In a noiseless or fault-tolerant quantum computation, such quantities are preserved.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Michael Streif , Martin Leib , Filip Wudarski , Eleanor Rieffel , Zhihui Wang

Quantum noise in real-world devices poses a significant challenge in achieving practical quantum advantage, since accurately compiled and executed circuits are typically deep and highly susceptible to decoherence. To facilitate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Numerical optimization is used to design linear-optical devices that implement a desired quantum gate with perfect fidelity, while maximizing the success rate. For the 2-qubit CS (or CNOT) gate, we provide numerical evidence that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Dmitry B. Uskov , Lev Kaplan , A. Matthew Smith , Sean D. Huver , Jonathan P. Dowling

Designing robust algorithms capable of training accurate neural networks on uncurated datasets from the web has been the subject of much research as it reduces the need for time consuming human labor. The focus of many previous research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Paul Albert , Eric Arazo , Tarun Krishna , Noel E. O'Connor , Kevin McGuinness

Quantum Entanglement is a fundamentally important resource in Quantum Information Science; however, generating it in practice is plagued by noise and decoherence, limiting its utility. Entanglement distillation and forward error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-14 Vaishnavi L. Addala , Shu Ge , Stefan Krastanov

Quantum error mitigation schemes (QEM) have greatly enhanced the performance of quantum computers, mostly by reducing errors caused by interactions with the environment. Nevertheless, the presence of coherence errors, typically arising from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Tanmoy Pandit , Raam Uzdin

Coherent noise can be much more damaging than incoherent (probabilistic) noise in the context of quantum error correction. One solution is to use twirling to turn coherent noise into incoherent Pauli channels. In this Article, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-30 Zhenyu Cai , Xiaosi Xu , Simon C. Benjamin

Quantum Variational Circuits (QVCs) are often claimed as one of the most potent uses of both near term and long term quantum hardware. The standard approaches to optimizing these circuits rely on a classical system to compute the new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-11 Owen Lockwood

Group twirling is crucial in quantum information processing, particularly in randomized benchmarking and random compiling. While protocols based on Pauli twirling have been effectively crafted to transform arbitrary noise channels into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Guoding Liu , Ziyi Xie , Zitai Xu , Xiongfeng Ma

We consider the surface code under errors featuring both coherent and incoherent components and study the coherence of the corresponding logical noise channel and how this impacts information-theoretic measures of code performance, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

In this work we establish lower bounds on the size of Clifford circuits that measure a family of commuting Pauli operators. Our bounds depend on the interplay between a pair of graphs: the Tanner graph of the set of measured Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-30 Nicolas Delfosse , Michael E. Beverland , Maxime A. Tremblay

By taking into account the physical nature of quantum errors it is possible to improve the efficiency of quantum error correction. Here we consider an optimisation to conventional quantum error correction which involves exploiting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-26 Z. W. E. Evans , A. M. Stephens , J. H. Cole , L. C. L. Hollenberg

The demonstration of quantum error correction (QEC) is one of the most important milestones in the realization of fully-fledged quantum computers. Toward this, QEC experiments using the surface codes have recently been actively conducted.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-12 Mitsuki Katsuda , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

In fault-tolerant quantum computing systems, realising (approximately) universal quantum computation is usually described in terms of realising Clifford+T operations, which is to say a circuit of CNOT, Hadamard, and $\pi/2$-phase rotations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Niel de Beaudrap , Xiaoning Bian , Quanlong Wang