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A fundamental challenge in conditional 3D shape generation is to minimize the information loss and maximize the intention of user input. Existing approaches have predominantly focused on two types of isolated conditional signals, i.e., user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Seunggwan Lee , Hwanhee Jung , Byoungsoo Koh , Qixing Huang , Sangho Yoon , Sangpil Kim

Mechanism design has long been a cornerstone of economic theory, with traditional approaches relying on mathematical derivations. Recently, automated approaches, including differentiable economics with neural networks, have emerged for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jiayuan Liu , Mingyu Guo , Vincent Conitzer

Graphic design is crucial for conveying ideas and messages. Designers usually organize their work into objects, backgrounds, and vectorized text layers to simplify editing. However, this workflow demands considerable expertise. With the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Jingye Chen , Zhaowen Wang , Nanxuan Zhao , Li Zhang , Difan Liu , Jimei Yang , Qifeng Chen

Generative AI tools are becoming more prevalent in 3D modeling, enabling users to manipulate or create new models with text or images as inputs. This makes it easier for users to rapidly customize and iterate on their 3D designs and explore…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Faraz Faruqi , Yingtao Tian , Vrushank Phadnis , Varun Jampani , Stefanie Mueller

Normal map is an important and efficient way to represent complex 3D models. A designer may benefit from the auto-generation of high quality and accurate normal maps from freehand sketches in 3D content creation. This paper proposes a deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Yi He , Haoran Xie , Chao Zhang , Xi Yang , Kazunori Miyata

Generative models frequently suffer miscalibration, wherein statistics of the sampling distribution, such as the fraction of generations in a given class, deviate from desired values. We frame calibration as a constrained optimization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-29 Henry D. Smith , Nathaniel L. Diamant , Brian L. Trippe

Computer-aided design (CAD) is vital to modern manufacturing, yet model creation remains labor-intensive and expertise-heavy. To enable non-experts to translate intuitive design intent into manufacturable artifacts, recent large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiangyu Shi , Junyang Ding , Xu Zhao , Sinong Zhan , Payal Mohapatra , Daniel Quispe , Kojo Welbeck , Jian Cao , Wei Chen , Ping Guo , Qi Zhu

Sketches serve as fundamental blueprints in artistic creation because sketch editing is easier and more intuitive than pixel-level RGB image editing for painting artists, yet sketch generation remains unexplored despite advancements in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Ruohao Zhan , Yijin Li , Yisheng He , Shuo Chen , Yichen Shen , Xinyu Chen , Zilong Dong , Zhaoyang Huang , Guofeng Zhang

Synthesis of optimization algorithms typically follows a {\em design-then-analyze\/} approach, which can obscure fundamental performance limits and hinder the systematic development of algorithms that operate near these limits. Recently, a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Ibrahim K. Ozaslan , Wuwei Wu , Jie Chen , Tryphon T. Georgiou , Mihailo R. Jovanovic

Sketch design concepts are recurring patterns found in parametric CAD sketches. Though rarely explicitly formalized by the CAD designers, these concepts are implicitly used in design for modularity and regularity. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Yuezhi Yang , Hao Pan

2D concept art generation for 3D scenes is a crucial yet challenging task in computer graphics, as creating natural intuitive environments still demands extensive manual effort in concept design. While generative AI has simplified 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhenhong Sun , Yifu Wang , Yonhon Ng , Yongzhi Xu , Daoyi Dong , Hongdong Li , Pan Ji

In real-world, many problems can be formulated as the alignment between two geometric patterns. Previously, a great amount of research focus on the alignment of 2D or 3D patterns, especially in the field of computer vision. Recently, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Hu Ding , Mingquan Ye

Previous works have explored various customized generation tasks given a reference image, but they still face limitations in generating consistent fine-grained details. In this paper, our aim is to solve the inconsistency problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Ziheng Ouyang , Yiren Song , Yaoli Liu , Shihao Zhu , Qibin Hou , Ming-Ming Cheng , Mike Zheng Shou

This paper presents a real-time generative drawing system that interprets and integrates both formal intent - the structural, compositional, and stylistic attributes of a sketch - and contextual intent - the semantic and thematic meaning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Jookyung Song , Mookyoung Kang , Nojun Kwak

Over-aligning image generation models to a generalized aesthetic preference conflicts with user intent, particularly when "anti-aesthetic" outputs are requested for artistic or critical purposes. This adherence prioritizes…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wenqi Marshall Guo , Qingyun Qian , Khalad Hasan , Shan Du

Materials design aims to discover novel compounds with desired properties. However, prevailing strategies face critical trade-offs. Conventional element-substitution approaches readily and adaptively incorporate various domain knowledge but…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-05-30 Akihiro Fujii , Anh Khoa Augustin Lu , Koji Shimizu , Satoshi Watanabe

Controllable layout generation refers to the process of creating a plausible visual arrangement of elements within a graphic design (e.g., document and web designs) with constraints representing design intentions. Although recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Jian Chen , Ruiyi Zhang , Yufan Zhou , Rajiv Jain , Zhiqiang Xu , Ryan Rossi , Changyou Chen

Prompt engineering is crucial for achieving reliable and effective outputs from large language models (LLMs), but its design requires specialized knowledge of prompting techniques and a deep understanding of target tasks. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yohei Ikenoue , Hitomi Tashiro , Shigeru Kuroyanagi

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with reliably generating highly structured outputs, such as program code, mathematical formulas, or well-formed markup. Constrained decoding approaches mitigate this problem by greedily restricting what…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Kanghee Park , Jiayu Wang , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Nadia Polikarpova , Loris D'Antoni

Generative AI tools have become more prevalent in engineering workflows, particularly through chatbots and code assistants. As the perceived accuracy of these tools improves, questions arise about whether and how those who work in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Emanuel Moss , Elizabeth Watkins , Christopher Persaud , Passant Karunaratne , Dawn Nafus