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To evaluate Information Retrieval (IR) effectiveness, a possible approach is to use test collections, which are composed of a collection of documents, a set of description of information needs (called topics), and a set of relevant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Kevin Roitero

Industrial-scale recommender systems rely on a cascade pipeline in which the retrieval stage must return a high-recall candidate set from billions of items under tight latency. Existing solutions either (i) suffer from limited…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yijia Sun , Shanshan Huang , Zhiyuan Guan , Qiang Luo , Ruiming Tang , Kun Gai , Guorui Zhou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models have drawn considerable attention in modern open-domain question answering. The effectiveness of RAG depends on the quality of the top retrieved documents. However, conventional retrieval methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Jamshid Mozafari , Bhawna Piryani , Adam Jatowt

Efficient code retrieval is critical for developer productivity, yet existing benchmarks largely focus on Python and rarely stress-test robustness beyond superficial lexical cues. To address the gap, we introduce an automated pipeline for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Kaicheng Wang , Liyan Huang , Weike Fang , Weihang Wang

Scientific literature question answering is a pivotal step towards new scientific discoveries. Recently, \textit{two-stage} retrieval-augmented generated large language models (RAG-LLMs) have shown impressive advancements in this domain.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Haotian Chen , Qingqing Long , Meng Xiao , Xiao Luo , Wei Ju , Chengrui Wang , Xuezhi Wang , Yuanchun Zhou , Hengshu Zhu

Wind energy project assessments present significant challenges for decision-makers, who must navigate and synthesize hundreds of pages of environmental and scientific documentation. These documents often span different regions and project…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Rounak Meyur , Hung Phan , Sridevi Wagle , Jan Strube , Mahantesh Halappanavar , Sameera Horawalavithana , Anurag Acharya , Sai Munikoti

Users increasingly expect modern search systems to offer a unified interface that seamlessly retrieves information from diverse data sources and formats. However, current information retrieval (IR) evaluation benchmarks have not kept pace…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Mehmet Deniz Türkmen , Suchana Datta , Dwaipayan Roy , Daniel Hienert , Philipp Mayr , Derek Greene

The performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in information retrieval is significantly influenced by the characteristics of the documents being processed. In this study, the structured nature of textbooks, the conciseness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Esmaeil Narimissa , David Raithel

Given a query and a document corpus, the information retrieval (IR) task is to output a ranked list of relevant documents. Combining large language models (LLMs) with embedding-based retrieval models, recent work shows promising results on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Daman Arora , Anush Kini , Sayak Ray Chowdhury , Nagarajan Natarajan , Gaurav Sinha , Amit Sharma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) encounters efficiency challenges when scaling to massive knowledge bases while preserving contextual relevance. We propose Hash-RAG, a framework that integrates deep hashing techniques with systematic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jinyu Guo , Xunlei Chen , Qiyang Xia , Zhaokun Wang , Jie Ou , Libo Qin , Shunyu Yao , Wenhong Tian

This paper concerns a deep learning approach to relevance ranking in information retrieval (IR). Existing deep IR models such as DSSM and CDSSM directly apply neural networks to generate ranking scores, without explicit understandings of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Liang Pang , Yanyan Lan , Jiafeng Guo , Jun Xu , Jingfang Xu , Xueqi Cheng

Effective code retrieval plays a crucial role in advancing code generation, bug fixing, and software maintenance, particularly as software systems increase in complexity. While current code embedding models have demonstrated promise in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Tarun Suresh , Revanth Gangi Reddy , Yifei Xu , Zach Nussbaum , Andriy Mulyar , Brandon Duderstadt , Heng Ji

Existing QA benchmarks typically assume distinct documents with minimal overlap, yet real-world retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems operate on corpora such as financial reports, legal codes, and patents, where information is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Hanjun Cho , Jay-Yoon Lee

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks enable large language models (LLMs) to retrieve relevant information from a knowledge base and incorporate it into the context for generating responses. This mitigates hallucinations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Pouria Rouzrokh , Shahriar Faghani , Cooper U. Gamble , Moein Shariatnia , Bradley J. Erickson

Clinical value set authoring -- the task of identifying all codes in a standardized vocabulary that define a clinical concept -- is a recurring bottleneck in clinical quality measurement and phenotyping. A natural approach is to prompt a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Sumit Mukherjee , Juan Shu , Nairwita Mazumder , Tate Kernell , Celena Wheeler , Shannon Hastings , Chris Sidey-Gibbons

Accurate information retrieval (IR) is critical in the financial domain, where investors must identify relevant information from large collections of documents. Traditional IR methods -- whether sparse or dense -- often fall short in…

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) on question answering often relies on static benchmarks that reward memorization and understate the role of retrieval, failing to capture the dynamic nature of world knowledge. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Heng Zhou , Ao Yu , Yuchen Fan , Jianing Shi , Li Kang , Hejia Geng , Yongting Zhang , Yutao Fan , Yuhao Wu , Tiancheng He , Yiran Qin , Lei Bai , Zhenfei Yin

We introduce StratRAG, an open-source retrieval evaluation dataset for benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems on multi-hop reasoning tasks under realistic, noisy document-pool conditions. Derived from HotpotQA (distractor…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Aryan Patodiya

Multi-hop Question Answering (QA) necessitates complex reasoning by integrating multiple pieces of information to resolve intricate questions. However, existing QA systems encounter challenges such as outdated information, context window…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Xiaoming Zhang , Ming Wang , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Shi Feng , Yifei Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems remain brittle under realistic retrieval noise, even when the required evidence appears in the top-K results. A key reason is that retrievers and rerankers optimize solely for relevance, often…