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Large vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant strides in 2D visual understanding tasks, sparking interest in extending these capabilities to 3D scene understanding. However, current 3D VLMs often struggle with robust reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ting Huang , Zeyu Zhang , Hao Tang

The development of LLMs has greatly enhanced the intelligence and fluency of question answering, while the emergence of retrieval enhancement has enabled models to better utilize external information. However, the presence of noise and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Xingyun Hong , Yan Shao , Zhilin Wang , Manni Duan , Jin Xiongnan

Large vision-language models (VLMs) fine-tuned on specialized visual instruction-following data have exhibited impressive language reasoning capabilities across various scenarios. However, this fine-tuning paradigm may not be able to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuexiang Zhai , Hao Bai , Zipeng Lin , Jiayi Pan , Shengbang Tong , Yifei Zhou , Alane Suhr , Saining Xie , Yann LeCun , Yi Ma , Sergey Levine

Multimodal large language models via reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex visual reasoning tasks, yet they remain limited in long-horizon multimodal scenarios, often suffering from visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chenghao Li , Fusheng Hao , Xikai Zhang , Likang Xiao , Yanwei Ren , Fuxiang Wu , Quan Chen , Liu Liu

We introduce Noisy Feature Mixup (NFM), an inexpensive yet effective method for data augmentation that combines the best of interpolation based training and noise injection schemes. Rather than training with convex combinations of pairs of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Soon Hoe Lim , N. Benjamin Erichson , Francisco Utrera , Winnie Xu , Michael W. Mahoney

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse tasks. However, concerns about their trustworthiness persist, particularly regarding tendencies to lean more on textual cues than visual evidence and the risk of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shizhan Gong , Minda Hu , Qiyuan Zhang , Chen Ma , Qi Dou

Reasoning is a critical frontier for advancing medical image analysis, where transparency and trustworthiness play a central role in both clinician trust and regulatory approval. Although Medical Visual Language Models (VLMs) show promise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Jiazhen Pan , Che Liu , Junde Wu , Fenglin Liu , Jiayuan Zhu , Hongwei Bran Li , Chen Chen , Cheng Ouyang , Daniel Rueckert

This paper presents NoisyCoconut, a novel inference-time method that enhances large language model (LLM) reliability by manipulating internal representations. Unlike fine-tuning methods that require extensive retraining, NoisyCoconut…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Michael Jerge , David Evans

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has proven effective in eliciting complex reasoning in large language models (LLMs). However, standard RLVR training often leads to excessively verbose processes (in reasoning tasks) and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Gang Li , Yulei Qin , Xiaoyu Tan , Dingkang Yang , Yuchen Shi , Zihan Xu , Xiang Li , Xing Sun , Ke Li

Advances in large reasoning models have shown strong performance on complex reasoning tasks by scaling test-time compute through extended reasoning. However, recent studies observe that in vision-dependent tasks, extended textual reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Soumya Suvra Ghosal , Youngeun Kim , Zhuowei Li , Ritwick Chaudhry , Linghan Xu , Hongjing Zhang , Jakub Zablocki , Yifan Xing , Qin Zhang

Despite the rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), they have largely overlooked the importance of visual processing. In a simple yet revealing experiment, we interestingly find that language-only models, when provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yuting Li , Lai Wei , Kaipeng Zheng , Jingyuan Huang , Guilin Li , Bo Wang , Linghe Kong , Lichao Sun , Weiran Huang

Despite advances in reinforcement learning (RL)-based video reasoning with large language models (LLMs), data collection and fine-tuning remain significant challenges. These methods often rely on large-scale supervised fine-tuning (SFT)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Ziyang Wang , Jaehong Yoon , Shoubin Yu , Md Mohaiminul Islam , Gedas Bertasius , Mohit Bansal

Despite their success, current training pipelines for reasoning VLMs focus on a limited range of tasks, such as mathematical and logical reasoning. As a result, these models face difficulties in generalizing their reasoning capabilities to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuheng Zha , Kun Zhou , Yujia Wu , Yushu Wang , Jie Feng , Zhi Xu , Shibo Hao , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

While visual data augmentation remains a cornerstone for training robust vision models, it has received limited attention in visual language models (VLMs), which predominantly rely on large-scale real data acquisition or synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zhengzhuo Xu , Chong Sun , SiNan Du , Chen Li , Jing Lyu , Chun Yuan

Robotic manipulation requires sophisticated commonsense reasoning, a capability naturally possessed by large-scale Vision-Language Models (VLMs). While VLMs show promise as zero-shot planners, their lack of grounded physical understanding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Emily Yue-Ting Jia , Weiduo Yuan , Tianheng Shi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

Recent advancements in reasoning-focused language models such as OpenAI's O1 and DeepSeek-R1 have shown that scaling test-time computation-through chain-of-thought reasoning and iterative exploration-can yield substantial improvements on…

Reasoning large language models (LLMs) excel in complex tasks, which has drawn significant attention to reinforcement learning (RL) for LLMs. However, existing approaches allocate an equal number of rollouts to all questions during the RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mengqi Liao , Xiangyu Xi , Ruinian Chen , Jia Leng , Yangen Hu , Ke Zeng , Shuai Liu , Huaiyu Wan

The disparity between the computational demands of deep learning and the capabilities of compute hardware is expanding drastically. Although deep learning achieves remarkable performance in countless tasks, its escalating requirements for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Xiao Wang , Hendrik Borras , Bernhard Klein , Holger Fröning

Recently DeepSeek R1 has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) can substantially improve the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through a simple yet effective design. The core of R1 lies in its rule-based reward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haozhan Shen , Peng Liu , Jingcheng Li , Chunxin Fang , Yibo Ma , Jiajia Liao , Qiaoli Shen , Zilun Zhang , Kangjia Zhao , Qianqian Zhang , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Reinforcement learning has become a central paradigm for advancing reasoning in large language models, yet most existing methods still depend on stronger teacher models or heavily curated difficult datasets, limiting scalable capability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Caijun Xu , Changyi Xiao , Zhongyuan Peng , Yixin Cao