Related papers: Attack-Defense Trees with Offensive and Defensive …

Attack-Defence Trees (ADTs) are well-suited to assess possible attacks to systems and the efficiency of counter-measures. In this paper, we first enrich the available constructs with reactive patterns that cover further security scenarios,…

Adequate risk assessment of safety critical systems needs to take both safety and security into account, as well as their interaction. A prominent methodology for modeling safety and security are attack-fault trees (AFTs), which combine the…

Attack trees (ATs) are a widely deployed modelling technique to categorize potential attacks on a system. An attacker of such a system aims at doing as much damage as possible, but might be limited by a cost budget. The maximum possible…

Context and Motivation Attack-Defense Trees (ADTs) are a graphical notation used to model and assess security requirements. ADTs are widely popular, as they can facilitate communication between different stakeholders involved in system…

Risk assessment of cyber-physical systems, such as power plants, connected devices and IT-infrastructures has always been challenging: safety (i.e. absence of unintentional failures) and security (i.e. no disruptions due to attackers) are…

Attack-defense trees (ADTs) are a prominent graphical threat modeling method that is highly recommended for analyzing and communicating security-related information. Despite this, existing empirical studies of attack trees have established…

Critical infrastructure systems - for which high reliability and availability are paramount - must operate securely. Attack trees (ATs) are hierarchical diagrams that offer a flexible modelling language used to assess how systems can be…

Attack-defense trees are a novel methodology for graphical security modeling and assessment. The methodology includes visual, intuitive tree models whose analysis is supported by a rigorous mathematical formalism. Both, the intuitive and…

Attack Trees (ATs) are a widely used tool for security analysis. ATs can be employed in quantitative security analysis through metrics, which assign a security value to an AT. Many different AT metrics exist, and there exist multiple…

Ranking risks and countermeasures is one of the foremost goals of quantitative security analysis. One of the popular frameworks, used also in industrial practice, for this task are attack-defense trees. Standard quantitative analyses…

Numerous analysis methods for quantitative attack tree analysis have been proposed. These algorithms compute relevant security metrics, i.e. performance indicators that quantify how good the security of a system is, such as the most likely…

Joint safety and security analysis of cyber-physical systems is a necessary step to correctly capture inter-dependencies between these properties. Attack-Fault Trees represent a combination of dynamic Fault Trees and Attack Trees and can be…

Numerous analysis methods for quantitative attack tree analysis have been proposed. These algorithms compute relevant security metrics, i.e. performance indicators that quantify how good the security of a system is; typical metrics being…

Attack trees are considered a useful tool for security modelling because they support qualitative as well as quantitative analysis. The quantitative approach is based on values associated to each node in the tree, expressing, for instance,…

Cyber-physical systems, such as self-driving cars or digitized electrical grids, often involve complex interactions between security, safety, and defense. Proper risk management strategies must account for these three critical domains and…

Protecting against multi-step attacks of uncertain duration and timing forces defenders into an indefinite, always ongoing, resource-intensive response. To effectively allocate resources, a defender must be able to analyze multi-step…

Attack trees are a popular way to represent and evaluate potential security threats on systems or infrastructures. The goal of this work is to provide a framework allowing to express and check whether an attack tree is consistent with the…

Attack trees and attack graphs are both common graphical threat models used by organizations to better understand possible cybersecurity threats. These models have been primarily seen as separate entities, to be used and researched in…

The rise of advanced persistent threats (APTs) has marked a significant cybersecurity challenge, characterized by sophisticated orchestration, stealthy execution, extended persistence, and targeting valuable assets across diverse sectors.…

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are stealthy attacks which make use of social engineering and deception to give adversaries insider access to networked systems. Against APTs, active defense technologies aim to create and exploit…