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Simulating high quality user behavior data has always been a fundamental problem in human-centered applications, where the major difficulty originates from the intricate mechanism of human decision process. Recently, substantial evidences…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Lei Wang , Jingsen Zhang , Hao Yang , Zhiyuan Chen , Jiakai Tang , Zeyu Zhang , Xu Chen , Yankai Lin , Ruihua Song , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jun Xu , Zhicheng Dou , Jun Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

Recommender systems are essential components of many online platforms, yet traditional approaches still struggle with understanding complex user preferences and providing explainable recommendations. The emergence of Large Language Model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Qiyao Peng , Hongtao Liu , Hua Huang , Qing Yang , Minglai Shao

User simulators are crucial for replicating human interactions with dialogue systems, supporting both collaborative training and automatic evaluation, especially for large language models (LLMs). However, current role-playing methods face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Kuang Wang , Xianfei Li , Shenghao Yang , Li Zhou , Feng Jiang , Haizhou Li

Traditional offline evaluation methods for recommender systems struggle to capture the complexity of modern platforms due to sparse behavioural signals, noisy data, and limited modelling of user personality traits. While simulation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Chenglong Ma , Ziqi Xu , Yongli Ren , Danula Hettiachchi , Jeffrey Chan

With the recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL), there have been tremendous interests in employing RL for recommender systems. However, directly training and evaluating a new RL-based recommendation algorithm needs to collect users'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Xiangyu Zhao , Long Xia , Lixin Zou , Dawei Yin , Jiliang Tang

Despite widespread interests in reinforcement-learning for task-oriented dialogue systems, several obstacles can frustrate research and development progress. First, reinforcement learners typically require interaction with the environment,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Xiujun Li , Zachary C. Lipton , Bhuwan Dhingra , Lihong Li , Jianfeng Gao , Yun-Nung Chen

LLM-based user simulation is the primary mechanism for end-to-end agent evaluation, yet simulated users are poor proxies for real humans: unconstrained LLM defaults produce a Formalism Ceiling (style match rates of 6-8% against real users),…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ming Zhu , Juntao Tan , Rithesh Murthy , Jielin Qiu , Liangwei Yang , Wenting Zhao , Silvio Savarese , Shelby Heinecke , Huan Wang

Modeling human behavior in urban environments is fundamental for social science, behavioral studies, and urban planning. Prior work often rely on rigid, hand-crafted rules, limiting their ability to simulate nuanced intentions, plans, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nicolas Bougie , Narimasa Watanabe

Research and development on conversational recommender systems (CRSs) critically depends on sound and reliable evaluation methodologies. However, the interactive nature of these systems poses significant challenges for automatic evaluation.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Nolwenn Bernard , Krisztian Balog

The emergence of agentic recommender systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) represents a paradigm shift in personalized recommendations, leveraging LLMs' advanced reasoning and role-playing capabilities to enable autonomous,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yu Shang , Peijie Liu , Yuwei Yan , Zijing Wu , Leheng Sheng , Yuanqing Yu , Chumeng Jiang , An Zhang , Fengli Xu , Yu Wang , Min Zhang , Yong Li

While user-modeling and recommender systems successfully utilize items like emails, news, and movies, they widely neglect mind-maps as a source for user modeling. We consider this a serious shortcoming since we assume user modeling based on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Joeran Beel

User simulation has been a cost-effective technique for evaluating conversational recommender systems. However, building a human-like simulator is still an open challenge. In this work, we focus on how users reformulate their utterances…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Shuo Zhang , Mu-Chun Wang , Krisztian Balog

Recommender systems apply data mining techniques and prediction algorithms to predict users' interest on information, products and services among the tremendous amount of available items. The vast growth of information on the Internet as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-11-25 Dhoha Almazro , Ghadeer Shahatah , Lamia Albdulkarim , Mona Kherees , Romy Martinez , William Nzoukou

Due to the advantages in the cost-efficiency and reproducibility, user simulation has become a promising solution to the user-centric evaluation of information retrieval systems. Nonetheless, accurately simulating user search behaviors has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Erhan Zhang , Xingzhu Wang , Peiyuan Gong , Yankai Lin , Jiaxin Mao

Traditional recommender systems primarily rely on a single type of user-item interaction, such as item purchases or ratings, to predict user preferences. However, in real-world scenarios, users engage in a variety of behaviors, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Kyungho Kim , Sunwoo Kim , Geon Lee , Jinhong Jung , Kijung Shin

Recommender systems are one of the most successful applications of machine learning and data science. They are successful in a wide variety of application domains, including e-commerce, media streaming content, email marketing, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Juan Pablo Equihua , Maged Ali , Henrik Nordmark , Berthold Lausen

Appropriate ranking algorithms and incentive mechanisms are essential to the creation of high-quality information by users of a social network. However, evaluating such mechanisms in a quantifiable way is a difficult problem. Studies of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2010-06-28 Xixi Luo , Xiaowu Chen , Qingping Zhao , Joshua Shinavier

Natural language-based user profiles in recommender systems have been explored for their interpretability and potential to help users scrutinize and refine their interests, thereby improving recommendation quality. Building on this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Ruixuan Sun , Junyuan Wang , Sanjali Roy , Joseph A. Konstan

Understanding the evolution of online news communities is essential for designing more effective news recommender systems. However, due to the lack of appropriate datasets and platforms, the existing literature is limited in understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Guangping Zhang , Dongsheng Li , Hansu Gu , Tun Lu , Li Shang , Ning Gu

User simulators are increasingly central to interactive information retrieval, yet the community lacks standardized evaluation tools. Simulators serve two objectives, behavioral realism (matching real user behavior) and tester reliability…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Saber Zerhoudi