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Over these years, multi-agent reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable performance in multi-agent planning and scheduling tasks. It typically follows the self-play setting, where agents are trained by playing with a fixed group of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Lebin Yu , Yunbo Qiu , Quanming Yao , Xudong Zhang , Jian Wang

Zero-shot classification (ZSC) is the task of learning predictors for classes not seen during training. Although the different methods in the literature are evaluated using the same class splits, little is known about their stability under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Matías Molina , Jorge Sánchez

Zero-shot coordination in cooperative artificial intelligence (AI) remains a significant challenge, which means effectively coordinating with a wide range of unseen partners. Previous algorithms have attempted to address this challenge by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Yang Li , Shao Zhang , Jichen Sun , Yali Du , Ying Wen , Xinbing Wang , Wei Pan

Learning accurate models of the physical world is required for a lot of robotic manipulation tasks. However, during manipulation, robots are expected to interact with unknown workpieces so that building predictive models which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Wenyu Zhang , Skyler Seto , Devesh K. Jha

In collaborative tasks, autonomous agents fall short of humans in their capability to quickly adapt to new and unfamiliar teammates. We posit that a limiting factor for zero-shot coordination is the lack of shared task abstractions, a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Stéphane Aroca-Ouellette , Miguel Aroca-Ouellette , Katharina von der Wense , Alessandro Roncone

Effective coordination is crucial to solve multi-agent collaborative (MAC) problems. While centralized reinforcement learning methods can optimally solve small MAC instances, they do not scale to large problems and they fail to generalize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Nicolas Carion , Gabriel Synnaeve , Alessandro Lazaric , Nicolas Usunier

A significant element of human cooperative intelligence lies in our ability to identify opportunities for fruitful collaboration; and conversely to recognise when the task at hand is better pursued alone. Research on flexible cooperation in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Max Taylor-Davies , Neil Bramley , Christopher G. Lucas

While multi-agent interactions can be naturally modeled as a graph, the environment has traditionally been considered as a black box. We propose to create a shared agent-entity graph, where agents and environmental entities form vertices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Akshat Agarwal , Sumit Kumar , Katia Sycara

Real-world multi-agent systems may require ad hoc teaming, where an agent must coordinate with other previously unseen teammates to solve a task in a zero-shot manner. Prior work often either selects a pretrained policy based on an inferred…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Rupal Nigam , Niket Parikh , Hamid Osooli , Mikihisa Yuasa , Jacob Heglund , Huy T. Tran

Building a single generalist agent with strong zero-shot capability has recently sparked significant advancements. However, extending this capability to multi-agent decision making scenarios presents challenges. Most current works struggle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Jie Liu , Yinmin Zhang , Chuming Li , Chao Yang , Yaodong Yang , Yu Liu , Wanli Ouyang

The paradigm of agentic AI is shifting from engineered complex workflows to post-training native models. However, existing agents are typically confined to static, predefined action spaces--such as exclusively using APIs, GUI events, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Kaichen He , Zihao Wang , Muyao Li , Anji Liu , Yitao Liang

Training agents that can coordinate zero-shot with humans is a key mission in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Current algorithms focus on training simulated human partner policies which are then used to train a Cooperator agent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yancheng Liang , Daphne Chen , Abhishek Gupta , Simon S. Du , Natasha Jaques

Humans perceive the world through multiple senses, enabling them to create a comprehensive representation of their surroundings and to generalize information across domains. For instance, when a textual description of a scene is given,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Léopold Maytié , Benjamin Devillers , Alexandre Arnold , Rufin VanRullen

A central challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning is enabling agents to adapt to previously unseen teammates in a zero-shot fashion. Prior work in zero-shot coordination often follows a two-stage process, first generating a diverse…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Andrew Ni , Simon Stepputtis , Stefanos Nikolaidis , Michael Lewis , Katia P. Sycara , Woojun Kim

In order to collaborate efficiently with unknown partners in cooperative control settings, adaptation of the partners based on online experience is required. The rather general and widely applicable control setting, where each cooperation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Florian Köpf , Samuel Tesfazgi , Michael Flad , Sören Hohmann

Exploration in multi-agent reinforcement learning is a challenging problem, especially in environments with sparse rewards. We propose a general method for efficient exploration by sharing experience amongst agents. Our proposed algorithm,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Filippos Christianos , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht

This paper introduces Team-Attention-Actor-Critic (TAAC), a reinforcement learning algorithm designed to enhance multi-agent collaboration in cooperative environments. TAAC employs a Centralized Training/Centralized Execution scheme…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Hugo Garrido-Lestache Belinchon , Jeremy Kedziora

We study the emergence of cooperative behaviors in reinforcement learning agents by introducing a challenging competitive multi-agent soccer environment with continuous simulated physics. We demonstrate that decentralized, population-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Siqi Liu , Guy Lever , Josh Merel , Saran Tunyasuvunakool , Nicolas Heess , Thore Graepel

In many real-world problems, a team of agents need to collaborate to maximize the common reward. Although existing works formulate this problem into a centralized learning with decentralized execution framework, which avoids the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Liheng Chen , Hongyi Guo , Yali Du , Fei Fang , Haifeng Zhang , Yaoming Zhu , Ming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Qing Wang , Yong Yu

In open multi-agent environments, the agents may encounter unexpected teammates. Classical multi-agent learning approaches train agents that can only coordinate with seen teammates. Recent studies attempted to generate diverse teammates to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Lei Yuan , Lihe Li , Ziqian Zhang , Feng Chen , Tianyi Zhang , Cong Guan , Yang Yu , Zhi-Hua Zhou