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This paper proposes a non-interactive end-to-end solution for secure fusion and matching of biometric templates using fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). Given a pair of encrypted feature vectors, we perform the following ciphertext…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Luke Sperling , Nalini Ratha , Arun Ross , Vishnu Naresh Boddeti

The financial sector presents many opportunities to apply various machine learning techniques. Centralized machine learning creates a constraint which limits further applications in finance sectors. Data privacy is a fundamental challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Yifei Zhang , Hao Zhu

By replacing standard non-linearities with polynomial activations, Polynomial Neural Networks (PNNs) are pivotal for applications such as privacy-preserving inference via Homomorphic Encryption (HE). However, training PNNs effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Forsad Al Hossain , Tauhidur Rahman

Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCNs) have gained widespread popularity in various fields like personal healthcare and financial systems, due to their remarkable performance. Despite the growing demand for cloud-based GCN services,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zhaoxuan Kan , Husheng Han , Shangyi Shi , Tenghui Hua , Hang Lu , Xiaowei Li , Jianan Mu , Xing Hu

Much of machine learning relies on the use of large amounts of data to train models to make predictions. When this data comes from multiple sources, for example when evaluation of data against a machine learning model is offered as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Peter Fenner , Edward O. Pyzer-Knapp

When training classification models, it expects that the learned features are compact within classes, and can well separate different classes. As the dominant loss function for training classification models, minimizing cross-entropy (CE)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Qiufu Li , Huibin Xiao , Linlin Shen

Homomorphic Encryption (HE), allowing computations on encrypted data (ciphertext) without decrypting it first, enables secure but prohibitively slow Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) inference for privacy-preserving applications in clouds.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Yuxiao Lu , Jie Lin , Chao Jin , Zhe Wang , Min Wu , Khin Mi Mi Aung , Xiaoli Li

Deep neural networks trained using a softmax layer at the top and the cross-entropy loss are ubiquitous tools for image classification. Yet, this does not naturally enforce intra-class similarity nor inter-class margin of the learned deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 José Lezama , Qiang Qiu , Pablo Musé , Guillermo Sapiro

Federated learning based on homomorphic encryption has received widespread attention due to its high security and enhanced protection of user data privacy. However, the characteristics of encrypted computation lead to three challenging…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yang Li , Chunhe Xia , Chang Li , Xiaojian Li , Tianbo Wang

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) emerges one of the most promising solutions to privacy-preserving computing in an untrusted cloud. FHE can be implemented by various schemes, each of which has distinctive advantages, i.e., some are good…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Lei Jiang , Lei Ju

Secure signal processing is becoming a de facto model for preserving privacy. We propose a model based on the Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) technique to mitigate security breaches. Our framework provides a method to perform a Fast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Thomas Shortell , Ali Shokoufandeh

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows arbitrarily complex computations on encrypted data without ever needing to decrypt it, thus enabling us to maintain data privacy on third-party systems. Unfortunately, sustaining deep computations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Leo de Castro , Rashmi Agrawal , Rabia Yazicigil , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Chiraag Juvekar , Ajay Joshi

Privacy-preserving machine learning is one class of cryptographic methods that aim to analyze private and sensitive data while keeping privacy, such as homomorphic logistic regression training over large encrypted data. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-07 John Chiang

In this manuscript, we demonstrate the feasibility of a privacy-preserving U-Net deep learning inference framework, namely, homomorphic encryption-based U-Net inference. That is, U-Net inference can be performed solely using homomorphic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 John Chiang

Privacy-preserving solutions enable companies to offload confidential data to third-party services while fulfilling their government regulations. To accomplish this, they leverage various cryptographic techniques such as Homomorphic…

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables computations directly on encrypted data, but its high computational cost remains a significant barrier. Writing efficient FHE code is a complex task requiring cryptographic expertise, and finding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Bilel Sefsaf , Abderraouf Dandani , Abdessamed Seddiki , Arab Mohammed , Eduardo Chielle , Michail Maniatakos , Riyadh Baghdadi

Federated Learning (FL) faces inherent challenges in balancing model performance, privacy preservation, and communication efficiency, especially in non-IID decentralized environments. Recent approaches either sacrifice formal privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Md Abrar Jahin , Taufikur Rahman Fuad , M. F. Mridha , Nafiz Fahad , Md. Jakir Hossen

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a powerful encryption technique that allows for computation to be performed on ciphertext without the need for decryption. FHE will thus enable privacy-preserving computation and a wide range of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Qian Lou , Muhammad Santriaji , Ardhi Wiratama Baskara Yudha , Jiaqi Xue , Yan Solihin

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables privacy-preserving aggregation in federated learning (FL) by allowing the server to operate on encrypted data without decryption. Existing HE-over-the-air methods mainly rely on single-key HE schemes and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Anthony Ayli , Khalil Harris , Jihad Fahs , Mohamad Assaad

This paper tackles the problem of ensuring training data privacy in a federated learning context. Relying on Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and Differential Privacy (DP), we propose a framework addressing threats on the privacy of the training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Arnaud Grivet Sébert , Renaud Sirdey , Oana Stan , Cédric Gouy-Pailler