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Despite the remarkable empirical success of score-based diffusion models, their statistical guarantees remain underdeveloped. Existing analyses often provide pessimistic convergence rates that do not reflect the intrinsic low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-24 Saptarshi Chakraborty , Quentin Berthet , Peter L. Bartlett

Diffusion models now set the benchmark in high-fidelity generative sampling, yet they can, in principle, be prone to memorization. In this case, their learned score overfits the finite dataset so that the reverse-time SDE samples are mostly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Franck Gabriel , François Ged , Maria Han Veiga , Emmanuel Schertzer

Despite their success in image generation, diffusion models can memorize training data, raising serious privacy and copyright concerns. Although prior work has sought to characterize, detect, and mitigate memorization, the fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Juyeop Kim , Songkuk Kim , Jong-Seok Lee

The creativity of diffusion models refers to their ability to generate highly realistic images that are different from their training data. Creativity is somewhat surprising since it is known that if the denoiser used in the diffusion model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Itamar Levine , Yair Weiss

Probabilistic regression models the entire predictive distribution of a response variable, offering richer insights than classical point estimates and directly allowing for uncertainty quantification. While diffusion-based generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Carlo Kneissl , Christopher Bülte , Philipp Scholl , Gitta Kutyniok

Denoising Score Matching estimates the score of a noised version of a target distribution by minimizing a regression loss and is widely used to train the popular class of Denoising Diffusion Models. A well known limitation of Denoising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Valentin De Bortoli , Michael Hutchinson , Peter Wirnsberger , Arnaud Doucet

Controlling memorization in diffusion models is critical for applications that require generated data to closely match the training distribution. Existing approaches mainly focus on data centric or model centric modifications, treating the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Thuy Phuong Vu , Mai Viet Hoang Do , Minhhuy Le , Dinh-Cuong Hoang , Phan Xuan Tan

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable performance in generation tasks. Nevertheless, explaining the diffusion process remains challenging due to it being a sequence of denoising noisy images that are difficult for experts to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Ji-Hoon Park , Yeong-Joon Ju , Seong-Whan Lee

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in various domains with an intriguing ability to produce new data that do not exist in the training set. In this work, we study the hypothesis that such creativity arises from the neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhengdao Chen

Diffusion models (DMs) have rapidly emerged as a powerful framework for image generation and restoration. However, existing DMs are primarily trained in a supervised manner by using a large corpus of clean images. This reliance on clean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Brett Levac , Jon Tamir , Marcelo Pereyra , Julian Tachella

Diffusion models have emerged as a dominant framework for generative modeling, but their mathematical foundations are often presented separately through diffusion probabilistic models, score-based modeling, stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiayi Fu , Yuxia Wang

Denoising diffusion models are a class of generative models which have recently achieved state-of-the-art results across many domains. Gradual noise is added to the data using a diffusion process, which transforms the data distribution into…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-28 Francisco Vargas , Teodora Reu , Anna Kerekes , Michael M Bronstein

Recent work studying the generalization of diffusion models with UNet-based denoisers reveals inductive biases that can be expressed via geometry-adaptive harmonic bases. However, in practice, more recent denoising networks are often based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jie An , De Wang , Pengsheng Guo , Jiebo Luo , Alexander Schwing

We propose self-diffusion, a novel framework for solving inverse problems without relying on pretrained generative models. Traditional diffusion-based approaches require training a model on a clean dataset to learn to reverse the forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guanxiong Luo , Shoujin Huang , Yanlong Yang

Score-based diffusion models are a recently developed framework for posterior sampling in Bayesian inverse problems with a state-of-the-art performance for severely ill-posed problems by leveraging a powerful prior distribution learned from…

Score-based model research in the last few years has produced state of the art generative models by employing Gaussian denoising score-matching (DSM). However, the Gaussian noise assumption has several high-dimensional limitations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jacob Deasy , Nikola Simidjievski , Pietro Liò

The diffusion probabilistic generative models are widely used to generate high-quality data. Though they can synthetic data that does not exist in the training set, the rationale behind such generalization is still unexplored. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Mingyang Yi , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li

Diffusion models that can generate high-quality data from randomly sampled Gaussian noises have become the mainstream generative method in both academia and industry. Are randomly sampled Gaussian noises equally good for diffusion models?…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Zipeng Qi , Lichen Bai , Haoyi Xiong , Zeke Xie

We provide a general framework for learning diffusion bridges that transport prior to target distributions. It includes existing diffusion models for generative modeling, but also underdamped versions with degenerate diffusion matrices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Denis Blessing , Julius Berner , Lorenz Richter , Gerhard Neumann

This paper investigates score-based diffusion models when the underlying target distribution is concentrated on or near low-dimensional manifolds within the higher-dimensional space in which they formally reside, a common characteristic of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Gen Li , Yuling Yan