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This paper describes a formal general-purpose automated program repair (APR) framework based on the concept of program invariants. In the presented repair framework, the execution traces of a defected program are dynamically analyzed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Omar I. Al-Bataineh

A new class of exact-repair regenerating codes is constructed by stitching together shorter erasure correction codes, where the stitching pattern can be viewed as block designs. The proposed codes have the "help-by-transfer" property where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Chao Tian , Birenjith Sasidharan , Vaneet Aggarwal , Vinay A. Vaishampayan , P. Vijay Kumar

Automated Program Repair (APR) can reduce the time developers spend debugging, allowing them to focus on other aspects of software development. Automatically generated bug patches are typically validated through software testing. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-13 David Williams , Ioakim Avraam , Aldeida Aleti , Matias Martinez , Justyna Petke , Federica Sarro

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong program repair performance but often suffer from over-editing, where excessive modifications overwrite correct code and hinder bug localization. We systematically quantify its impact and introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Changxin Ke , Rui Zhang , Jiaming Guo , Yuanbo Wen , Li Ding , Shuo Wang , Xuyuan Zhu , Xiong Peng , Di Huang , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo , Yunji Chen

Stateflow models are widely used in the industry to model the high-level control logic of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) in Simulink--the defacto CPS simulator. Many approaches exist to test Simulink models, but once a fault is detected, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Aitor Arrieta , Pablo Valle , Shaukat Ali

Current learning-based Automated Vulnerability Repair (AVR) approaches, while promising, often fail to generalize effectively in real-world scenarios. Our diagnostic analysis reveals three fundamental weaknesses in state-of-the-art AVR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Chengran Yang , Ting Zhang , Jinfeng Jiang , Xin Zhou , Haoye Tian , Mingzhe Du , Jieke Shi , Junkai Chen , Yikun Li , Eng Lieh Ouh , Lwin Khin Shar , David Lo

We evaluate an automatic hint generator for CS1 programming assignments powered by GPT-4, a large language model. This system provides natural language guidance about how students can improve their incorrect solutions to short programming…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Laryn Qi , J. D. Zamfirescu-Pereira , Taehan Kim , Björn Hartmann , John DeNero , Narges Norouzi

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically generate patches for buggy programs. Recent APR work has been focused on leveraging modern Large Language Models (LLMs) to directly generate patches for APR. Such LLM-based APR tools work…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Lingming Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) plays a critical role in enhancing the quality and reliability of software systems. While substantial progress has been made in Java-based APR, largely facilitated by benchmarks like Defects4J, there remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jian Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Qiang Hu , Shangqing Liu , Jiongchi Yu , Jiaolong Kong , Yi Li

Refactoring is a maintenance activity that aims to improve design quality while preserving the behavior of a system. Several (semi)automated approaches have been proposed to support developers in this maintenance activity, based on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-20 Rodrigo Morales , Foutse Khomh , Giuliano Antoniol

Modern software development relies on the reuse of code via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Such reuse relieves developers from learning and developing established algorithms and data structures anew, enabling them to focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Sebastian Nielebock , Paul Blockhaus , Jacob Krüger , Frank Ortmeier

Automated Program Repair (APR) has evolved significantly with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs). Fine-tuning LLMs for program repair is a recent avenue of research, with many dimensions which have not been explored. Existing work…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-08 André Silva , Sen Fang , Martin Monperrus

Software debugging, and program repair are among the most time-consuming and labor-intensive tasks in software engineering that would benefit a lot from automation. In this paper, we propose a novel automated program repair approach based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Ehsan Mashhadi , Hadi Hemmati

Automated Program Repair (APR) is an emerging research field. Many APR techniques, for different programming language and platforms, have been proposed and evaluated on several Benchmarks. However, for our best knowledge, there not exists a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-15 Larissa Azevedo , Altino Dantas , Celso G. Camilo-Junior

Properly benchmarking Automated Program Repair (APR) systems should contribute to the development and adoption of the research outputs by practitioners. To that end, the research community must ensure that it reaches significant milestones…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Kui Liu , Anil Koyuncu , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , Dongsun Kim , Jacques Klein , Yves Le Traon

Code generation has attracted increasing attention with the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs). Many studies have developed powerful code LLMs by synthesizing code-related instruction data and applying supervised fine-tuning. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Changzhi Zhou , Xinyu Zhang , Dandan Song , Xiancai Chen , Wanli Gu , Huipeng Ma , Yuhang Tian , Mengdi Zhang , Linmei Hu

Previous studies have shown that Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques suffer from the overfitting problem. Overfitting happens when a patch is run and the test suite does not reveal any error, but the patch actually does not fix the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Matias Martinez , Maria Kechagia , Anjana Perera , Justyna Petke , Federica Sarro , Aldeida Aleti

Automatic program repair (APR) aims to reduce the cost of manually fixing software defects. However, APR suffers from generating a multitude of overfitting patches, those patches that fail to correctly repair the defect beyond making the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-09 He Ye , Jian Gu , Matias Martinez , Thomas Durieux , Martin Monperrus

Software vulnerabilities pose significant security threats, requiring effective mitigation. While Automated Program Repair (APR) has advanced in fixing general bugs, vulnerability patching, a security-critical aspect of APR remains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Zanis Ali Khan , Aayush Garg , Qiang Tang

We consider the problem of learning to repair programs from diagnostic feedback (e.g., compiler error messages). Program repair is challenging for two reasons: First, it requires reasoning and tracking symbols across source code and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Michihiro Yasunaga , Percy Liang