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As smart contracts are growing in size and complexity, it becomes harder and harder to ensure their correctness and security. Due to the lack of isolation mechanisms a single mistake or vulnerability in the code can bring the whole system…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Mikhail Mandrykin , Jake O'Shannessy , Jacob Payne , Ilya Shchepetkov

Smart contracts are susceptible to various security issues, among which access control (AC) vulnerabilities are particularly critical. While existing research has proposed multiple detection tools, the automatic and appropriate repair of AC…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Lyuye Zhang , Kaixuan Li , Kairan Sun , Daoyuan Wu , Ye Liu , Haoye Tian , Yang Liu

Smart contracts deployed on blockchain platforms are vulnerable to various security vulnerabilities. However, only a small number of Ethereum contracts have released their source code, so vulnerability detection at the bytecode level is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiuyang Bu , Wenkai Li , Zongwei Li , Zeng Zhang , Xiaoqi Li

Given the growing importance of smart contracts in various applications, ensuring their security and reliability is critical. Fuzzing, an effective vulnerability detection technique, has recently been widely applied to smart contracts.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Shuohan Wu , Zihao Li , Luyi Yan , Weimin Chen , Muhui Jiang , Chenxu Wang , Xiapu Luo , Hao Zhou

Blockchain technology (BT) Ethereum Smart Contracts allows programmable transactions that involve the transfer of monetary assets among peers on a BT network independent of a central authorizing agency. Ethereum Smart Contracts are programs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Noama Fatima Samreen , Manar H. Alalfi

Smart contracts have played a pivotal role in the evolution of blockchains and Decentralized Applications (DApps). As DApps continue to gain widespread adoption, multiple smart contract languages have been and are being made available to…

The lack of comprehensive sources of accurate vulnerability data represents a critical obstacle to studying and understanding software vulnerabilities (and their corrections). In this paper, we present an approach that combines heuristics…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Daan Hommersom , Antonino Sabetta , Bonaventura Coppola , Dario Di Nucci , Damian A. Tamburri

Automated Program Repair (APR) for smart contract security promises to automatically mitigate smart contract vulnerabilities responsible for billions in financial losses. However, the true effectiveness of this research in addressing smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Sofia Bobadilla , Monica Jin , Martin Monperrus

As time progresses, the need for more secure applications grows exponentially. The different types of sensitive information that is being transferred virtually has sparked a rise in systems that leverage blockchain. Different sectors are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Myles Lewis , Chris Crawford

The large-scale deployment of Solidity smart contracts on the Ethereum mainnet has increasingly attracted financially-motivated attackers in recent years. A few now-infamous attacks in Ethereum's history includes DAO attack in 2016 (50…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Md Tauseef Alam , Raju Halder , Abyayananda Maiti

Ethereum smart contracts are executable programs deployed on a blockchain. Once deployed, they cannot be updated due to their inherent immutability. Moreover, they often manage valuable assets that are worth millions of dollars, making them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Konrad Weiss , Christof Ferreira Torres , Florian Wendland

Smart contracts play a central role in blockchain systems by encoding financial and operational logic. Still, their susceptibility to subtle security flaws poses significant risks of financial loss and erosion of trust. LLMs create new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Eduardo Sardenberg , Antonio José Grandson Busson , Daniel de Sousa Moraes , Julio Cesar Duarte , Sérgio Colcher

Advancing our understanding of software vulnerabilities, automating their identification, the analysis of their impact, and ultimately their mitigation is necessary to enable the development of software that is more secure. While operating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Serena E. Ponta , Henrik Plate , Antonino Sabetta , Michele Bezzi , Cédric Dangremont

Recent years have seen smart contracts are getting increasingly popular in building trustworthy decentralized applications. Previous research has proposed static and dynamic techniques to detect vulnerabilities in smart contracts. These…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Jiaming Ye , Mingliang Ma , Yun Lin , Lei Ma , Yinxing Xue , Jianjun Zhao

Content composition vulnerabilities remain among the most prevalent and persistent classes of security weakness in deployed software. Prior mitigations, including developer training, static analysis tools, and domain-specific template…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mike Samuel , Tom Palmer , Shaw Summa , Robert Grayson

Ethereum smart contracts are highly powerful, immutable, and able to retain massive amounts of tokens. However, smart contracts keep attracting attackers to benefit from smart contract flaws and Ethereum unexpected behavior. Thus,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Wejdene Haouari , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Marios Fokaefs

Due to the inherent immutability of blockchain technology, smart contract updates require their deployment at new addresses rather than modifying existing ones, thus fragmenting version histories and creating critical blind spots for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Fatou Ndiaye Mbodji , Vinny Adjibi , Moustapha Awwalou Diouf , Gervais Mendy , Kui Liu , Jacques Klein , Tegawende Bissyande

Developers of smart contracts pervasively reuse subcontracts to improve development efficiency. Like any program language, such subcontract reuse may unexpectedly include, or introduce vulnerabilities to the end-point smart contract.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zeqin Liao , Yuhong Nan , Zixu Gao , Henglong Liang , Sicheng Hao , Jiajing Wu , Zibin Zheng

As blockchain technology and smart contracts become widely adopted, securing them throughout every stage of the transaction process is essential. The concern of improved security for smart contracts is to find and detect vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 S M Mostaq Hossain , Amani Altarawneh , Jesse Roberts

Smart contracts are programs running on top of blockchain platforms. They interact with each other through well-defined interfaces to perform financial transactions in a distributed system with no trusted third parties. But these interfaces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yu Feng , Emina Torlak , Rastislav Bodik