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Prompt Tuning, conditioning on task-specific learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a data-efficient and parameter-efficient method for adapting large pretrained vision-language models to multiple downstream tasks. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Sheng Shen , Shijia Yang , Tianjun Zhang , Bohan Zhai , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Kurt Keutzer , Trevor Darrell

Large language models (LLMs) underpin applications in code generation, mathematical reasoning, and agent-based workflows. In practice, systems access LLMs via commercial APIs or open-source deployments, and the model landscape (e.g., GPT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yaxuan Wang , Quan Liu , Zhenting Wang , Zichao Li , Wei Wei , Yang Liu , Yujia Bao

It has been demonstrated that the art of prompt tuning is highly effective in efficiently extracting knowledge from pretrained foundation models, encompassing pretrained language models (PLMs), vision pretrained models, and vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Xianjun Yang , Wei Cheng , Xujiang Zhao , Wenchao Yu , Linda Petzold , Haifeng Chen

Pre-trained graph neural networks (GNNs) transfer well, but adapting them to downstream tasks remains challenging due to mismatches between pre-training objectives and task requirements. Graph prompt tuning offers a parameter-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Long D. Nguyen , Binh P. Nguyen

Text classification is one of the most imperative tasks in natural language processing (NLP). Recent advances with pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable success on this task. However, the satisfying results obtained by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Jianing Wang , Chengyu Wang , Cen Chen , Ming Gao , Jun Huang , Aoying Zhou

Transfer Learning aims to optimally aggregate samples from a target distribution, with related samples from a so-called source distribution to improve target risk. Multiple procedures have been proposed over the last two decades to address…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-29 Steve Hanneke , Samory Kpotufe

Prompt tuning is a promising method to fine-tune a pre-trained language model without retraining its large-scale parameters. Instead, it attaches a soft prompt to the input text, whereby downstream tasks can be well adapted by merely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Pengxiang Lan , Enneng Yang , Yuting Liu , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) has proven effective for parameter-efficient adaptation of pre-trained vision models to downstream tasks by inserting task-specific learnable prompt tokens. Despite its empirical success, a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Minh Le , Anh Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Chau Nguyen , Anh Tran , Nhat Ho

Prompt learning in pretrained visual-language models has shown remarkable flexibility across various downstream tasks. Leveraging its inherent lightweight nature, recent research attempted to integrate the powerful pretrained models into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Hongxia Li , Wei Huang , Jingya Wang , Ye Shi

Advancements in prompt tuning of vision-language models have underscored their potential in enhancing open-world visual concept comprehension. However, prior works only primarily focus on single-mode (only one prompt for each modality) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Dongsheng Wang , Miaoge Li , Xinyang Liu , MingSheng Xu , Bo Chen , Hanwang Zhang

As powerful pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP gain prominence, numerous studies have attempted to combine VLMs for downstream tasks. Among these, prompt learning has been validated as an effective method for adapting to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yu Du , Tong Niu , Rong Zhao

Graph Prompt Learning (GPL) has emerged as a promising paradigm that bridges graph pretraining models and downstream scenarios, mitigating label dependency and the misalignment between upstream pretraining and downstream tasks. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yongqi Huang , Jitao Zhao , Dongxiao He , Xiaobao Wang , Yawen Li , Yuxiao Huang , Di Jin , Zhiyong Feng

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) exhibit remarkable multi-tasking ability by learning mixed instruction datasets. However, novel tasks would be encountered sequentially in dynamic world, which urges for equipping LMMs with multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Fanhu Zeng , Fei Zhu , Haiyang Guo , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges when balancing multiple high-level objectives, such as generating coherent, relevant, and high-quality responses while maintaining efficient task adaptation across diverse tasks. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yupeng Chang , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Soft prompt tuning achieves superior performances across a wide range of few-shot tasks. However, the performances of prompt tuning can be highly sensitive to the initialization of the prompts. We also empirically observe that conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Junda Wu , Tong Yu , Rui Wang , Zhao Song , Ruiyi Zhang , Handong Zhao , Chaochao Lu , Shuai Li , Ricardo Henao

Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) of pre-trained Vision Transformers (ViTs) has proven highly effective as a parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique for adapting large models to downstream tasks with limited data. Its parameter efficiency makes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 M Yashwanth , Sharannya Ghosh , Aditay Tripathi , Anirban Chakraborty

Vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP have demonstrated remarkable applicability across a variety of downstream tasks, including zero-shot image classification. Recently, the use of prompts or adapters for efficient transfer learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yongjin Yang , Jongwoo Ko , Se-Young Yun

Prompting is one of the main ways to adapt a pretrained model to target tasks. Besides manually constructing prompts, many prompt optimization methods have been proposed in the literature. Method development is mainly empirically driven,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tim Genewein , Li Kevin Wenliang , Jordi Grau-Moya , Anian Ruoss , Laurent Orseau , Marcus Hutter

Graphs have emerged as a natural choice to represent and analyze the intricate patterns and rich information of the Web, enabling applications such as online page classification and social recommendation. The prevailing "pre-train,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yihong Ma , Ning Yan , Jiayu Li , Masood Mortazavi , Nitesh V. Chawla

Transferring knowledge from an image synthesis model trained on a large dataset is a promising direction for learning generative image models from various domains efficiently. While previous works have studied GAN models, we present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Kihyuk Sohn , Yuan Hao , José Lezama , Luisa Polania , Huiwen Chang , Han Zhang , Irfan Essa , Lu Jiang