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The rapid advancement of creating Zero-Knowledge (ZK) programs has led to the development of numerous tools designed to support developers. Popular options include being able to write in general-purpose programming languages like Rust from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-09 William Law

The intersection of cloud computing, blockchain technology, and the impending era of quantum computing presents a critical juncture for data security. This research addresses the escalating vulnerabilities by proposing a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 D. Dhinakaran , D. Selvaraj , N. Dharini , S. Edwin Raja , C. Sakthi Lakshmi Priya

We introduce the notion of \emph{traceable mixnets}. In a traditional mixnet, multiple mix-servers jointly permute and decrypt a list of ciphertexts to produce a list of plaintexts, along with a proof of correctness, such that the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Prashant Agrawal , Abhinav Nakarmi , Mahavir Prasad Jhawar , Subodh Sharma , Subhashis Banerjee

With the emergence of cloud computing services, computationally weak devices (Clients) can delegate expensive tasks to more powerful entities (Servers). This raises the question of verifying a result at a lower cost than that of recomputing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Jean-Guillaume Dumas , Vincent Zucca

Blockchain technology has emerged as a revolutionary tool in ensuring data integrity and security in digital transactions. However, the current approaches to data verification in blockchain systems, particularly in Ethereum, face challenges…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Alex Rusnak , Anton Yezhov , Dzianis Kanonik , Kateryna Kuznetsova , Stanislav Karashchuk

This paper introduces a new set of privacy-preserving mechanisms for verifying compliance with location-based policies for vehicle taxation, or for (electric) vehicle (EV) subsidies, using Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs). We present the design…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Dan Bogdanov , Eduardo Brito , Annika Jaakson , Peeter Laud , Raul-Martin Rebane

We present the first constructions of single-prover proof systems that achieve perfect zero knowledge (PZK) for languages beyond NP, under no intractability assumptions: 1. The complexity class #P has PZK proofs in the model of Interactive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-13 Eli Ben-Sasson , Alessandro Chiesa , Michael A. Forbes , Ariel Gabizon , Michael Riabzev , Nicholas Spooner

Digital identity verification often forces a privacy trade-off, where users must disclose sensitive personal data to prove simple eligibility criteria. As blockchain applications integrate with regulated environments, this over-disclosure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Supriya Khadka , Dhiman Goswami , Sanchari Das

We present an implementation of a Web3 platform that leverages the Groth16 Zero-Knowledge Proof schema to verify the validity of questionnaire results within Smart Contracts. Our approach ensures that the answer key of the questionnaire…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Carlos Efrain Quintero-Narvaez , Raul Monroy-Borja

Recently, there are more and more organizations offering quantum-cloud services, where any client can access a quantum computer remotely through the internet. In the near future, these cloud servers may claim to offer quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-20 Xi Chen , Bin Cheng , Zhaokai Li , Xinfang Nie , Nengkun Yu , Man-Hong Yung , Xinhua Peng

Protecting secrets is a key challenge in our contemporary information-based era. In common situations, however, revealing secrets appears unavoidable, for instance, when identifying oneself in a bank to retrieve money. In turn, this may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Pouriya Alikhani , Nicolas Brunner , Claude Crépeau , Sébastien Designolle , Raphaël Houlmann , Weixu Shi , Nan Yang , Hugo Zbinden

The intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and distributed systems has given rise to Federated Learning (FL), a paradigm that enables decentralized model training without compromising local data privacy. As organizational data silos…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Divya Gupta

Training contemporary AI models requires investment in procuring learning data and computing resources, making the models intellectual property of the owners. Popular model watermarking solutions rely on key input triggers for detection;…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Nojan Sheybani , Zahra Ghodsi , Ritvik Kapila , Farinaz Koushanfar

Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are computationally demanding to generate. Their importance for applications like ZK-Rollups has prompted some to outsource ZKP generation to a market of specialized provers. However, existing market designs…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Wenhao Wang , Lulu Zhou , Aviv Yaish , Fan Zhang , Ben Fisch , Benjamin Livshits

Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) provers remain costly because multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) and number-theoretic transforms (NTTs) dominate runtime as they need significant computation. AI ASICs such as TPUs provide massive matrix throughput…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jianming Tong , Jingtian Dang , Simon Langowski , Tianhao Huang , Asra Ali , Jeremy Kun , Jevin Jiang , Srinivas Devadas , Tushar Krishna

Process attestation verifies human authorship by collecting behavioral biometric evidence, including keystroke dynamics, typing patterns, and editing behavior, during the creative process. However, the very data needed to prove authenticity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 David Condrey

This paper investigates the feasibility of achieving zero-knowledge verifiability for graph databases, enabling database owners to cryptographically prove the query execution correctness without disclosing the underlying data. Although…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Hao Wu , Changzheng Wei , Yanhao Wang , Li Lin , Yilong Leng , Shiyu He , Minghao Zhao , Hanghang Wu , Ying Yan , Aoying Zhou

The Open Vote Network is a self-tallying decentralized e-voting protocol suitable for boardroom elections. Currently, it has two Ethereum-based implementations: the first, by McCorry et al., has a scalability issue since all the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Muhammad ElSheikh , Amr M. Youssef

The integration of machine learning (ML) systems into critical industries such as healthcare, finance, and cybersecurity has transformed decision-making processes, but it also brings new challenges around trust, security, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jonathan Gold , Tristan Freiberg , Haruna Isah , Shirin Shahabi

As large language models (LLMs) are used in sensitive fields, accurately verifying their computational provenance without disclosing their training datasets poses a significant challenge, particularly in regulated sectors such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Mina Namazi , Alexander Nemecek , Erman Ayday