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Bilevel optimization enjoys a wide range of applications in emerging machine learning and signal processing problems such as hyper-parameter optimization, image reconstruction, meta-learning, adversarial training, and reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Han Shen , Quan Xiao , Tianyi Chen

Bilevel optimization problems are a class of challenging optimization problems, which contain two levels of optimization tasks. In these problems, the optimal solutions to the lower level problem become possible feasible candidates to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-10-08 Ankur Sinha , Pekka Malo , Kalyanmoy Deb

Stochastic Bilevel optimization usually involves minimizing an upper-level (UL) function that is dependent on the arg-min of a strongly-convex lower-level (LL) function. Several algorithms utilize Neumann series to approximate certain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Xuxing Chen , Tesi Xiao , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

Hyperparameter tuning is an important task of machine learning, which can be formulated as a bilevel program (BLP). However, most existing algorithms are not applicable for BLP with non-smooth lower-level problems. To address this, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-04 He Chen , Haochen Xu , Rujun Jiang , Anthony Man-Cho So

We consider rather a general class of multi-level optimization problems, where a convex objective function is to be minimized subject to constraints of optimality of nested convex optimization problems. As a special case, we consider a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Allahkaram Shafiei , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Jakub Marecek

We first show a simple but striking result in bilevel optimization: unconstrained $C^\infty$ smooth bilevel programming is as hard as general extended-real-valued lower semicontinuous minimization. We then proceed to a worst-case analysis…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Jérôme Bolte , Quoc-Tung Le , Edouard Pauwels , Samuel Vaiter

We primarily consider bilevel programs where the lower level is a convex quadratic minimization problem under integer constraints. We show that it is $\Sigma_2^p$-hard to decide if the optimal objective for the leader is lesser than a given…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Sriram Sankaranarayanan , V. Shubha Vatsalya

In this paper we propose a variant of the random coordinate descent method for solving linearly constrained convex optimization problems with composite objective functions. If the smooth part of the objective function has Lipschitz…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Ion Necoara , Andrei Patrascu

An algorithm which computes a solution of a set optimization problem is provided. The graph of the objective map is assumed to be given by finitely many linear inequalities. A solution is understood to be a set of points in the domain…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-05-29 Andreas Löhne , Carola Schrage

Single-objective bilevel optimization is a specialized form of constraint optimization problems where one of the constraints is an optimization problem itself. These problems are typically non-convex and strongly NP-Hard. Recently, there…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Anuraganand Sharma

We consider the problem of minimizing the sum of two convex functions: one is the average of a large number of smooth component functions, and the other is a general convex function that admits a simple proximal mapping. We assume the whole…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-03-20 Lin Xiao , Tong Zhang

We propose techniques for approximating bilevel optimization problems with non-smooth lower level problems that can have a non-unique solution. To this end, we substitute the expression of a minimizer of the lower level minimization problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Peter Ochs , René Ranftl , Thomas Brox , Thomas Pock

Bilevel optimization has been successfully applied to many important machine learning problems. Algorithms for solving bilevel optimization have been studied under various settings. In this paper, we study the nonconvex-strongly-convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Xuxing Chen , Minhui Huang , Shiqian Ma

This work presents the first projection-free algorithm to solve stochastic bi-level optimization problems, where the objective function depends on the solution of another stochastic optimization problem. The proposed $\textbf{S}$tochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-08 Zeeshan Akhtar , Amrit Singh Bedi , Srujan Teja Thomdapu , Ketan Rajawat

In this paper, we focus on the nonconvex-strongly-convex bilevel optimization problem (BLO). In this BLO, the objective function of the upper-level problem is nonconvex and possibly nonsmooth, and the lower-level problem is smooth and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-26 Xiaoyin Hu , Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu , Kim-Chuan Toh

Bilevel optimization problems embed the optimality of a subproblem as a constraint of another optimization problem. We introduce the concept of near-optimality robustness for bilevel optimization, protecting the upper-level solution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Mathieu Besançon , Miguel F. Anjos , Luce Brotcorne

Submodular function minimization is a fundamental optimization problem that arises in several applications in machine learning and computer vision. The problem is known to be solvable in polynomial time, but general purpose algorithms have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Alina Ene , Huy L. Nguyen

Many large-scale constrained optimization problems can be formulated as bilevel distributed optimization tasks over undirected networks, where agents collaborate to minimize a global cost function while adhering to constraints, relying only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Ajay Tak , Mayank Baranwal

We consider a stochastic version of the proximal point algorithm for optimization problems posed on a Hilbert space. A typical application of this is supervised learning. While the method is not new, it has not been extensively analyzed in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Monika Eisenmann , Tony Stillfjord , Måns Williamson

Bilevel optimization has recently attracted growing interests due to its wide applications in modern machine learning problems. Although recent studies have characterized the convergence rate for several such popular algorithms, it is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Kaiyi Ji , Yingbin Liang