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As text-to-image diffusion models grow increasingly prevalent, the ability to remove specific concepts-mostly explicit content and many copyrighted characters or styles-has become essential for safety and compliance. Existing unlearning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Junyeong Ahn , Seojin Yoon , Sungyong Baik

Recent advancements in large-scale generative models have enabled the creation of high-quality images and videos, but have also raised significant safety concerns regarding the generation of unsafe content. To mitigate this, concept erasure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Viet Nguyen , Vishal M. Patel

The powerful generative capabilities of diffusion models have raised growing privacy and safety concerns regarding generating sensitive or undesired content. In response, machine unlearning (MU) -- commonly referred to as concept erasure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinwen Cheng , Jingyuan Zhang , Zhehao Huang , Yingwen Wu , Xiaolin Huang

Concept erasure aims to remove specified features from an embedding. It can improve fairness (e.g. preventing a classifier from using gender or race) and interpretability (e.g. removing a concept to observe changes in model behavior). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Nora Belrose , David Schneider-Joseph , Shauli Ravfogel , Ryan Cotterell , Edward Raff , Stella Biderman

In the evolving landscape of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, the remarkable capability to generate high-quality images from textual descriptions faces challenges with the potential misuse of reproducing sensitive content. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Changhoon Kim , Kyle Min , Yezhou Yang

Large-scale diffusion models, known for their impressive image generation capabilities, have raised concerns among researchers regarding social impacts, such as the imitation of copyrighted artistic styles. In response, existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Mengnan Zhao , Lihe Zhang , Tianhang Zheng , Yuqiu Kong , Baocai Yin

Custom diffusion models (CDMs) have attracted widespread attention due to their astonishing generative ability for personalized concepts. However, most existing CDMs unreasonably assume that personalized concepts are fixed and cannot change…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jiahua Dong , Wenqi Liang , Hongliu Li , Duzhen Zhang , Meng Cao , Henghui Ding , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Diffusion models have transformed image generation, yet controlling their outputs to reliably erase undesired concepts remains challenging. Existing approaches usually require task-specific training and struggle to generalize across both…

Text-to-image diffusion models have shown an impressive ability to generate high-quality images from input textual descriptions. However, concerns have been raised about the potential for these models to create content that infringes on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Tingxu Han , Weisong Sun , Yanrong Hu , Chunrong Fang , Yonglong Zhang , Shiqing Ma , Tao Zheng , Zhenyu Chen , Zhenting Wang

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful generative technology and have been found to be applicable in various scenarios. Most existing foundational diffusion models are primarily designed for text-guided visual generation and do not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Zhen Han , Zeyinzi Jiang , Yulin Pan , Jingfeng Zhang , Chaojie Mao , Chenwei Xie , Yu Liu , Jingren Zhou

Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models enable photorealistic image generation, but they also risk producing malicious content, such as NSFW images. To mitigate risk, concept erasure methods are studied to facilitate the model to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ruidong Chen , Honglin Guo , Lanjun Wang , Chenyu Zhang , Weizhi Nie , An-An Liu

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capability in generating high-quality visual content from textual descriptions. However, since these models are trained on large-scale internet data, they inevitably learn undesirable concepts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Anh Bui , Khanh Doan , Trung Le , Paul Montague , Tamas Abraham , Dinh Phung

Concept Erasure, which aims to prevent pretrained text-to-image models from generating content associated with semantic-harmful concepts (i.e., target concepts), is getting increased attention. State-of-the-art methods formulate this task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Hongxu Chen , Zhen Wang , Taoran Mei , Lin Li , Bowei Zhu , Runshi Li , Long Chen

Explicit Caption Editing (ECE) -- refining reference image captions through a sequence of explicit edit operations (e.g., KEEP, DETELE) -- has raised significant attention due to its explainable and human-like nature. After training with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zhen Wang , Xinyun Jiang , Jun Xiao , Tao Chen , Long Chen

Large-scale text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved remarkable generative performance about various concepts. With the limitation of privacy and safety in practice, the generative capability concerning NSFW (Not Safe For Work)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jiahang Tu , Qian Feng , Jiahua Dong , Hanbin Zhao , Chao Zhang , Nicu Sebe , Hui Qian

Concept erasure, which fine-tunes diffusion models to remove undesired or harmful visual concepts, has become a mainstream approach to mitigating unsafe or illegal image generation in text-to-image models.However, existing removal methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Hao Chen , Yiwei Wang , Songze Li

Text-to-image diffusion models have gained widespread application across various domains, demonstrating remarkable creative potential. However, the strong generalization capabilities of diffusion models can inadvertently lead to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Die Chen , Zhiwen Li , Cen Chen , Yuexiang Xie , Xiaodan Li , Jinyan Ye , Yingda Chen , Yaliang Li

Concept erasure in text-to-image diffusion models is crucial for mitigating harmful content, yet existing methods often compromise generative quality. We introduce Semantic Surgery, a novel training-free, zero-shot framework for concept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Lexiang Xiong , Chengyu Liu , Jingwen Ye , Yan Liu , Yuecong Xu

Text-to-image diffusion models suffer from the risk of generating outdated, copyrighted, incorrect, and biased content. While previous methods have mitigated the issues on a small scale, it is essential to handle them simultaneously in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Tianwei Xiong , Yue Wu , Enze Xie , Yue Wu , Zhenguo Li , Xihui Liu

Fine-tuning based concept erasing has demonstrated promising results in preventing generation of harmful contents from text-to-image diffusion models by removing target concepts while preserving remaining concepts. To maintain the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Byung Hyun Lee , Sungjin Lim , Se Young Chun