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Ransomware represents a pervasive threat, traditionally countered at the operating system, file-system, or network levels. However, these approaches often introduce significant overhead and remain susceptible to circumvention by attackers.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Nicolas Reategui , Roman Pletka , Dionysios Diamantopoulos

Among the many types of malicious codes, ransomware poses a major threat. Ransomware encrypts data and demands a ransom in exchange for decryption. As data recovery is impossible if the encryption key is not obtained, some companies suffer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Giyoon Kim , Soram Kim , Soojin Kang , Jongsung Kim

Ransomware poses a significant threat to individuals and organisations, compelling tools to investigate its behaviour and the effectiveness of mitigations. To answer this need, we present SAFARI, an open-source framework designed for safe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Tommaso Compagnucci , Franco Callegati , Saverio Giallorenzo , Andrea Melis , Simone Melloni , Alessandro Vannini

Malicious server (MS) attacks have enabled the scaling of data stealing in federated learning to large batch sizes and secure aggregation, settings previously considered private. However, many concerns regarding the client-side…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Kostadin Garov , Dimitar I. Dimitrov , Nikola Jovanović , Martin Vechev

In this work we present the Secure Machine, SeM for short, a CPU architecture extension for secure computing. SeM uses a small amount of in-chip additional hardware that monitors key communication channels inside the CPU chip, and only acts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Ofir Shwartz , Yitzhak Birk

Ransomware is a kind of malware using cryptographic mechanisms to prevent victims from normal use of their computers. As a result, victims lose the access to their files and desktops unless they pay the ransom to the attackers. By the end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Tianrou Xia , Yuanyi Sun , Sencun Zhu , Zeeshan Rasheed , Khurram Shafique

Certified deletion ensures that encrypted data can be irreversibly deleted, preventing future recovery even if decryption keys are later exposed. Although existing works have achieved certified deletion across various cryptographic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shayeef Murshid , Ramprasad Sarkar , Mriganka Mandal

Ransomware, a type of malicious software that encrypts a victim's files and only releases the cryptographic key once a ransom is paid, has emerged as a potentially devastating class of cybercrimes in the past few years. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Florian Quinkert , Thorsten Holz , KSM Tozammel Hossain , Emilio Ferrara , Kristina Lerman

Ransomware is a malicious class of software that utilises encryption to implement an attack on system availability. The target's data remains encrypted and is held captive by the attacker until a ransom demand is met. A common approach used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Simon R Davies , Richard Macfarlane , William J. Buchanan

Ransomware uses encryption methods to make data inaccessible to legitimate users. To date a wide range of ransomware families have been developed and deployed, causing immense damage to governments, corporations, and private users. As these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Aldin Vehabovic , Nasir Ghani , Elias Bou-Harb , Jorge Crichigno , Aysegul Yayimli

Ransomware, a fearsome and rapidly evolving cybersecurity threat, continues to inflict severe consequences on individuals and organizations worldwide. Traditional detection methods, reliant on static signatures and application behavioral…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Dionysios Diamantopoulos , Roman Pletka , Slavisa Sarafijanovic , A. L. Narasimha Reddy , Haris Pozidis

Ransomware can produce direct and controllable economic loss, which makes it one of the most prominent threats in cyber security. As per the latest statistics, more than half of malwares reported in Q1 of 2017 are ransomware and there is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Manaar Alam , Sarani Bhattacharya , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Currently, different forms of ransomware are increasingly threatening Internet users. Modern ransomware encrypts important user data and it is only possible to recover it once a ransom has been paid. In this paper we show how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Krzysztof Cabaj , Wojciech Mazurczyk

Encrypted behavioral patterns provide a unique avenue for classifying complex digital threats without reliance on explicit feature extraction, enabling detection frameworks to remain effective even when conventional static and behavioral…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Barnaby Fortescue , Edmund Hawksmoor , Alistair Wetherington , Frederick Marlowe , Kevin Pekepok

In the current era of interconnected cyberspace, there is an adverse effect of ransomware on individuals, startups, and large companies. Cybercriminals hold digital assets till the demand for payment is made. The success of ransomware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Sharmila S P

In the rapidly evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats, ransomware represents a significant challenge. Attackers increasingly employ sophisticated encryption methods, such as entropy reduction through Base64 encoding, and partial or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Arash Mahboubi , Hamed Aboutorab , Seyit Camtepe , Hang Thanh Bui , Khanh Luong , Keyvan Ansari , Shenlu Wang , Bazara Barry

This article attempts to discover the surreptitious features of ransomware and to address it in information systems security research. It intends to elicit attention with regard to ransomware, a newly emerged cyber threat using such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Akashdeep Bhardwaj , G. V. B. Subrahmanyam , Vinay Avasthi , Hanumat Sastry

Malicious attacks, malware, and ransomware families pose critical security issues to cybersecurity, and it may cause catastrophic damages to computer systems, data centers, web, and mobile applications across various industries and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mohammad Masum , Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Hossain Shahriar , Kai Qian , Dan Lo , Muhaiminul Islam Adnan

Malware detection is increasingly challenged by evolving techniques like obfuscation and polymorphism, limiting the effectiveness of traditional methods. Meanwhile, the widespread adoption of software containers has introduced new security…

Cybersecurity solutions have shown promising performance when detecting ransomware samples that use fixed algorithms and encryption rates. However, due to the current explosion of Artificial Intelligence (AI), sooner than later, ransomware…