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Learning to perform accurate and rich simulations of human driving behaviors from data for autonomous vehicle testing remains challenging due to human driving styles' high diversity and variance. We address this challenge by proposing a…

Urban traffic control is a system-level coordination problem spanning heterogeneous subsystems, including traffic signals, freeways, public transit, and taxi services. Existing optimization-based, reinforcement learning (RL), and emerging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Siqi Lai , Pan Zhang , Yuping Zhou , Jindong Han , Yansong Ning , Hao Liu

Despite recent advances in dexterous manipulations, the manipulation of articulated objects and generalization across different categories remain significant challenges. To address these issues, we introduce DART, a novel framework that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Hao Zhang , Zhen Kan , Weiwei Shang , Yongduan Song

Vision-language models have recently emerged as promising planners for autonomous driving, where success hinges on topology-aware reasoning over spatial structure and dynamic interactions from multimodal input. However, existing models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Fabian Schmidt , Markus Enzweiler , Abhinav Valada

We introduce Diffusion Augmented Agents (DAAG), a novel framework that leverages large language models, vision language models, and diffusion models to improve sample efficiency and transfer learning in reinforcement learning for embodied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Norman Di Palo , Leonard Hasenclever , Jan Humplik , Arunkumar Byravan

Recent research has highlighted the powerful capabilities of imitation learning in robotics. Leveraging generative models, particularly diffusion models, these approaches offer notable advantages such as strong multi-task generalization,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Xinyao Qin , Xiaoteng Ma , Yang Qi , Qihan Liu , Chuanyi Xue , Ning Gui , Qinyu Dong , Jun Yang , Bin Liang

The safe deployment of autonomous driving systems (ADSs) relies on comprehensive testing and evaluation. However, safety-critical scenarios that can effectively expose system vulnerabilities are extremely sparse in the real world. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Xinzheng Wu , Junyi Chen , Naiting Zhong , Yong Shen

Safe L2/L3 driving automation requires anticipating human-in-the-loop reactions during shared-control transitions. While most driving world models forecast the external environment, in-cabin intelligence remains strictly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Haozhuang Chi , Daosheng Qiu , Hao Su , Haochen Liu , Zirui Li , Haoruo Zhang , Chen Lv

The ability to predict the future trajectories of traffic participants is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of autonomous vehicles. In this paper, a diffusion-based generative model for multi-agent trajectory prediction is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Theodor Westny , Björn Olofsson , Erik Frisk

Simulation is an invaluable tool for developing and evaluating controllers for self-driving cars. Current simulation frameworks are driven by highly-specialist domain specific languages, and so a natural language interface would greatly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Craig Innes

Multi-agent trajectory prediction, as a critical task in modeling complex interactions of objects in dynamic systems, has attracted significant research attention in recent years. Despite the promising advances, existing studies all follow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Tangwen Qian , Yile Chen , Gao Cong , Yongjun Xu , Fei Wang

Autonomous control systems face significant challenges in performing complex tasks in the presence of latent risks. To address this, we propose an integrated framework that combines Large Language Models (LLMs), numerical optimization, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-08 Xiyu Deng , Quan Khanh Luu , Anh Van Ho , Yorie Nakahira

A long-standing goal of the research community is to develop highly interactive LLM-based dialogue agents. Recent research focuses on optimizing policies based on fixed offline logs (Static Context RL) or using a prompt-based simulator…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xiaohua Wang , Jiakang Yuan , Zisu Huang , Muzhao Tian , Changze Lv , Kaitao Song , Tao Chen , Xiaoqing Zheng

Realistic and diverse simulation scenarios with reactive and feasible agent behaviors can be used for validation and verification of self-driving system performance without relying on expensive and time-consuming real-world testing.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Qichao Zhang , Yinfeng Gao , Yikang Zhang , Youtian Guo , Dawei Ding , Yunpeng Wang , Peng Sun , Dongbin Zhao

This paper introduces CRITICAL, a novel closed-loop framework for autonomous vehicle (AV) training and testing. CRITICAL stands out for its ability to generate diverse scenarios, focusing on critical driving situations that target specific…

Merging is, in general, a challenging task for both human drivers and autonomous vehicles, especially in dense traffic, because the merging vehicle typically needs to interact with other vehicles to identify or create a gap and safely merge…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-15 Kaiwen Liu , Nan Li , H. Eric Tseng , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard

Language models have demonstrated impressive ability in context understanding and generative performance. Inspired by the recent success of language foundation models, in this paper, we propose LMTraj (Language-based Multimodal Trajectory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Inhwan Bae , Junoh Lee , Hae-Gon Jeon

Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) enables large language models (LLMs) to solve complex tasks by interacting with external tools, yet existing approaches depend on high-quality synthesized trajectories selected by scoring functions and sparse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Siyu Gong , Linan Yue , Weibo Gao , Fangzhou Yao , Shimin Di , Lei Feng , Min-Ling Zhang

Motion diffusion models and Reinforcement Learning (RL) based control for physics-based simulations have complementary strengths for human motion generation. The former is capable of generating a wide variety of motions, adhering to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Guy Tevet , Sigal Raab , Setareh Cohan , Daniele Reda , Zhengyi Luo , Xue Bin Peng , Amit H. Bermano , Michiel van de Panne

Supervised open-loop training has been widely adopted for training traffic simulation models; however, it fails to capture the inherently dynamic, multi-agent interactions common in complex driving scenarios. We introduce RLFTSim, a…