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We develop a framework for incorporating structured graphical models in the \emph{encoders} of variational autoencoders (VAEs) that allows us to induce interpretable representations through approximate variational inference. This allows us…

We treat shape co-segmentation as a representation learning problem and introduce BAE-NET, a branched autoencoder network, for the task. The unsupervised BAE-NET is trained with a collection of un-segmented shapes, using a shape…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Zhiqin Chen , Kangxue Yin , Matthew Fisher , Siddhartha Chaudhuri , Hao Zhang

A new line of research for feature selection based on neural networks has recently emerged. Despite its superiority to classical methods, it requires many training iterations to converge and detect informative features. The computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Ghada Sokar , Zahra Atashgahi , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Decebal Constantin Mocanu

In this work, we demonstrate that affine mappings between residual streams of language models is a cheap way to effectively transfer represented features between models. We apply this technique to transfer the weights of Sparse Autoencoders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Alan Chen , Jack Merullo , Alessandro Stolfo , Ellie Pavlick

Understanding how information is represented in neural networks is a fundamental challenge in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence. Despite their nonlinear architectures, recent evidence suggests that neural networks encode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 David Klindt , Charles O'Neill , Patrik Reizinger , Harald Maurer , Nina Miolane

This paper introduces a modified variational autoencoder (VAEs) that contains an additional neural network branch. The resulting branched VAE (BVAE) contributes a classification component based on the class labels to the total loss and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ahmed Salah , David Yevick

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) operationalise the linear representation hypothesis: they reconstruct model activations as sparse linear combinations of interpretable dictionary atoms, on the implicit assumption that activation space is well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Eslam Zaher , Maciej Trzaskowski , Quan Nguyen , Fred Roosta

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as powerful techniques for interpretability of large language models (LLMs), aiming to decompose hidden states into meaningful semantic features. While several SAE variants have been proposed, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xudong Zhu , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili , Zhihui Zhu

Recent interpretability work on large language models (LLMs) has been increasingly dominated by a feature-discovery approach with the help of proxy modules. Then, the quality of features learned by, e.g., sparse auto-encoders (SAEs), is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mengyu Ye , Jun Suzuki , Tatsuro Inaba , Tatsuki Kuribayashi

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are widely used deep generative models capable of learning unsupervised latent representations of data. Such representations are often difficult to interpret or control. We consider the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Jack Klys , Jake Snell , Richard Zemel

Steering vectors are a promising approach to control the behaviour of large language models. However, their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) may offer a potential method to interpret steering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Harry Mayne , Yushi Yang , Adam Mahdi

Preference learning in large language models relies on reward models as proxies for human judgment. However, these models frequently exhibit preference instability, producing contradictory preference assignments in response to subtle,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shunchang Liu , Xin Chen , Belen Martin Urcelay , Francesco Croce

Histopathology images are crucial to the study of complex diseases such as cancer. The histologic characteristics of nuclei play a key role in disease diagnosis, prognosis and analysis. In this work, we propose a sparse Convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Le Hou , Vu Nguyen , Dimitris Samaras , Tahsin M. Kurc , Yi Gao , Tianhao Zhao , Joel H. Saltz

Balancing predictive power and interpretability has long been a challenging research area, particularly in powerful yet complex models like neural networks, where nonlinearity obstructs direct interpretation. This paper introduces a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Antoine Ledent , Peng Liu

Stack autoencoder (SAE), as a representative deep network, has unique and excellent performance in feature learning, and has received extensive attention from researchers. However, existing deep SAEs focus on original samples without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Chuanyan Zhou , Jie Ma , Fan Li , Yongming Li , Pin Wang , Xiaoheng Zhang

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are widely used to extract sparse, interpretable latents from transformer activations. We test whether commonly used SAE quality metrics and automatic explanation pipelines can distinguish trained transformers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Thomas Heap , Tim Lawson , Lucy Farnik , Laurence Aitchison

By composing graphical models with deep learning architectures, we learn generative models with the strengths of both frameworks. The structured variational autoencoder (SVAE) inherits structure and interpretability from graphical models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Harry Bendekgey , Gabriel Hope , Erik B. Sudderth

Deep learning, particularly with the advancement of Large Language Models, has transformed biomolecular modeling, with protein language models such as ESM inspiring emerging RNA language models such as RiNALMo. Recent work has begun…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-18 Taehan Kim , Sangdae Nam

We present a method for extracting \emph{monosemantic} neurons, defined as latent dimensions that align with coherent and interpretable concepts, from user and item embeddings in recommender systems. Our approach employs a Sparse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Dor Arviv , Yehonatan Elisha , Oren Barkan , Noam Koenigstein

This paper aims to improve the feature learning in Convolutional Networks (Convnet) by capturing the structure of objects. A new sparsity function is imposed on the extracted featuremap to capture the structure and shape of the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Ehsan Hosseini-Asl
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