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Related papers: $QQ$-systems and tropical geometry

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We formulate $Q$-systems for the closed XXZ, open XXX and open quantum-group-invariant XXZ quantum spin chains. Polynomial solutions of these $Q$-systems can be found efficiently, which in turn lead directly to the admissible solutions of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-19 Zoltán Bajnok , Etienne Granet , Jesper Lykke Jacobsen , Rafael I. Nepomechie

The $Q$-system is an efficient method for finding complete physical solutions of Bethe ansatz equations, but so far its application has been confined to systems possessing $U(1)$ symmetry. We extend the rational $Q$-system framework to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-02 Yunfeng Jiang , Yi-Chao Liu , Yuan Miao , Zi-Xi Tan

We discuss the $qq$-systems, the functional form of the Bethe ansatz equations for the twisted Gaudin model from a new geometric point of view. We use a concept of $G$-Wronskians, which are certain meromorphic sections of principal…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Anton M. Zeitlin

In this article we have discovered a close relationship between the (algebraic) Bethe Ansatz equations of the spin $s$ XXZ model of a finite size and the $q$-Sturm-Liouville problem. We have demonstrated that solutions of the Bethe Ansatz…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. E. H. Ismail , S. S. Lin , S. S. Roan

Q-systems first appeared in the analysis of the Bethe equations for the XXX-model and generalized Heisenberg spin chains. Such systems are known to exist for any simple Lie algebra and many other Kac-Moody algebras. We formulate the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2008-11-26 Rinat Kedem

In integrable spin chains, the spectral problem can be solved by the method of Bethe ansatz, which transforms the problem of diagonalization of the Hamiltonian into the problem of solving a set of algebraic equations named Bethe equations.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-27 Yi-Jun He , Jue Hou , Yi-Chao Liu , Zi-Xi Tan

We study solutions of the Bethe ansatz equation for the XXZ-type integrable model associated with the Lie algebra sl_N. We give a correspondence between solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations and collections of quasi-polynomials. This…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2015-06-11 J. R. Li , V. Tarasov

Tropical mathematics redefines the rules of arithmetic by replacing addition with taking a maximum, and by replacing multiplication with addition. After briefly discussing a tropical version of linear algebra, we study polynomials build…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-08-21 Ralph Morrison

Bethe ansatz equations for spin-$s$ Heisenberg spin chain with $s\ge1$ are significantly more difficult to analyze than the spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ case, due to the presence of repeated roots. As a result, it is challenging to derive extra…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-05-01 Jue Hou , Yunfeng Jiang , Rui-Dong Zhu

Baxter's $T-Q$ relation for the periodic spin-$\frac12$ XYZ chain is studied. We extensively perform numerical calculations for the $T-Q$ relation and the Bethe ansatz equations. Numerical based hypotheses are then proposed to answer some…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-04-22 Xin Zhang

In in a nutshell, the classical geometric $q$-Langlands duality can be viewed as a correspondence between the space of $(G,q)$-opers and the space of solutions of $^L\mathfrak{g}$ XXZ Bethe Ansatz equations. The latter describe spectra of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Peter Koroteev , Myungbo Shim , Rahul Singh

An elliptic analogue of the $q$ deformed Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations is introduced. A solution is given in the form of a Jackson-type integral of Bethe vectors of the XYZ-type spin chains.

q-alg · Mathematics 2009-10-30 Takashi Takebe

Bound q\bar q -systems are considered in the framework of three different versions of the 3-dimensional reduction of the Bethe-Salpeter equation, all having the correct one-body limit when one of the constituent quark masses tends to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 T. Babutsidze , T. Kopaleishvili , A. Rusetsky

We define and study the space of $q$-opers associated with Bethe equations for integrable models of XXZ type with quantum toroidal algebra symmetry. Our construction is suggested by the study of the enumerative geometry of cyclic quiver…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Peter Koroteev , Anton M. Zeitlin

We analyse the famous Baxter's $T-Q$ equations for $XXX$ ($XXZ$) spin chain and show that apart from its usual polynomial (trigonometric) solution, which provides the solution of Bethe-Ansatz equations, there exists also the second solution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 G. P. Pronko , Yu. G. Stroganov

The tail of a quantum spin network in the two-sphere is a $q$-series associated to the network. We study the existence of the head and tail functions of quantum spin networks colored by $2n$. We compute the $q$-series for an infinite family…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-09-19 Mohamed Elhamdadi , Mustafa Hajij , Jesse S F Levitt

We construct new integrable systems describing particles with internal spin from four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ quiver gauge theories. The models can be quantized and solved exactly using the quantum inverse scattering method and also…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-27 Nick Dorey , Peng Zhao

Q-systems provide an efficient way of solving Bethe equations. We formulate here Q-systems for both the isotropic and anisotropic open Heisenberg quantum spin-1/2 chains with diagonal boundary magnetic fields. We check these Q-systems using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Rafael I. Nepomechie

We propose the full system of Baxter Q-functions (QQ-system) for the integrable spin chains with the symmetry of the $D_r$ Lie algebra. We use this QQ-system to derive new Weyl-type formulas expressing transfer matrices in all symmetric and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-17 Gwenaël Ferrando , Rouven Frassek , Vladimir Kazakov

The integrable XXZ alternating spin chain with generic non-diagonal boundary terms specified by the most general non-diagonal K-matrices is studied via the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz method. Based on the intrinsic properties of the fused…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-16 Junpeng Cao , Wen-Li Yang , Kangjie Shi , Yupeng Wang
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