Related papers: Doctrinal Semantics of Directed First-Order Logic

In this paper, our aim is to briefly survey and articulate the logical and philosophical foundations of using (first-order) logic to represent (probabilistic) knowledge in a non-technical fashion. Our motivation is three fold. First, for…

We develop a second-order extension of intuitionistic modal logic, allowing quantification over propositions, both syntactically and semantically. A key feature of second-order logic is its capacity to define positive connectives from the…

We make explicit the correspondence between syntax and syntactic categories for coherent first-order logic, providing a categorical characterization of bi-interpretability. This is done by creating a biequivalence between a bicategory of…

Possibilistic logic, an extension of first-order logic, deals with uncertainty that can be estimated in terms of possibility and necessity measures. Syntactically, this means that a first-order formula is equipped with a possibility degree…

Predicate Logic with Definitions (PLD or D-logic) is a modification of first-order logic intended mostly for practical formalization of mathematics. The main syntactic constructs of D-logic are terms, formulas and definitions. A definition…

We consider an extension of first-order logic with a recursion operator that corresponds to allowing formulas to refer to themselves. We investigate the obtained language under two different systems of semantics, thereby obtaining two…

First-order logic is the basis for many knowledge representation formalisms and methods. Providing technological support for learning to write first-order formulas for natural language specifications requires methods to test formulas for…

We propose a novel framework seamlessly providing key properties of both neural nets (learning) and symbolic logic (knowledge and reasoning). Every neuron has a meaning as a component of a formula in a weighted real-valued logic, yielding a…

It is well known that many-sorted logic can be reduced to unsorted first-order logic by adding predicates for each sort, relativizing quantifiers to these predicates, and adding appropriate axioms governing their behavior. Existing…

Succinctness is a natural measure for comparing the strength of different logics. Intuitively, a logic L_1 is more succinct than another logic L_2 if all properties that can be expressed in L_2 can be expressed in L_1 by formulas of…

Tarski gave a general semantics for deductive reasoning: a formula a may be deduced from a set A of formulas iff a holds in all models in which each of the elements of A holds. A more liberal semantics has been considered: a formula a may…

Substructural logics naturally support a quantitative interpretation of formulas, as they are seen as consumable resources. Distances are the quantitative counterpart of equivalence relations: they measure how much two objects are similar,…

We uncover a close relationship between combinatorial and syntactic proofs for first-order logic (without equality). Whereas syntactic proofs are formalized in a deductive proof system based on inference rules, a combinatorial proof is a…

We suggest an ordering for the predicates in continuous logic so that the semantics of continuous logic can be formulated as a hyperdoctrine. We show that this hyperdoctrine can be embedded into the hyperdoctrine of subobjects of a suitable…

The primary goal of this paper is to present a unified way to transform the syntax of a logic system into certain initial algebraic structure so that it can be studied algebraically. The algebraic structures which one may choose for this…

The primary purpose of this article is to show that a certain natural set of axioms yields a completeness result for continuous first-order logic. In particular, we show that in continuous first-order logic a set of formulae is (completely)…

We consider two-variable first-order logic on finite words with a fixed number of quantifier alternations. We show that all languages with a neutral letter definable using the order and finite-degree predicates are also definable with the…

We introduce a proper display calculus for first-order logic, of which we prove soundness, completeness, conservativity, subformula property and cut elimination via a Belnap-style metatheorem. All inference rules are closed under uniform…

We study the expressive power of the two-variable fragment of order-invariant first-order logic. This logic departs from first-order logic in two ways: first, formulas are only allowed to quantify over two variables. Second, formulas can…

We propose a generalization of first-order logic originating in a neglected work by C.C. Chang: a natural and generic correspondence language for any types of structures which can be recast as Set-coalgebras. We discuss axiomatization and…