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Data assimilation (DA), as an indispensable component within contemporary Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) systems, plays a crucial role in generating the analysis that significantly impacts forecast performance. Nevertheless, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xiaoze Xu , Xiuyu Sun , Wei Han , Xiaohui Zhong , Lei Chen , Hao Li

Data Assimilation (DA) and Uncertainty quantification (UQ) are extensively used in analysing and reducing error propagation in high-dimensional spatial-temporal dynamics. Typical applications span from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to…

Data assimilation (DA) provides a general framework for estimation in dynamical systems based on the concepts of Bayesian inference. This constitutes a common basis for the different linear and nonlinear filtering and smoothing techniques…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Tarek Diaa-Eldeen , Marcus Krogh Nielsen , Carl Fredrik Berg , Morten Hovd , John Bagterp Jørgensen

Prediction of chaotic systems relies on a floating fusion of sensor data (observations) with a numerical model to decide on a good system trajectory and to compensate nonlinear feedback effects. Ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) is a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Sebastian Friedemann , Bruno Raffin

Data assimilation (DA) in the geophysical sciences remains the cornerstone of robust forecasts from numerical models. Indeed, DA plays a crucial role in the quality of numerical weather prediction, and is a crucial building block that has…

Data Assimilation (DA) plays a critical role in atmospheric science by reconstructing spatially continous estimates of the system state, which serves as initial conditions for scientific analysis. While recent advances in diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Hao Wang , Jindong Han , Wei Fan , Weijia Zhang , Hao Liu

Data assimilation (DA) integrates observations with model forecasts to produce optimized atmospheric states, whose physical consistency is critical for stable weather forecasting and reliable climate research. Traditional Bayesian DA…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Hang Fan , Lei Bai , Ben Fei , Yi Xiao , Kun Chen , Yubao Liu , Yongquan Qu , Fenghua Ling , Pierre Gentine

Data assimilation (DA) is a fundamental component of modern weather prediction, yet it remains a major computational bottleneck in machine learning (ML)-based forecasting pipelines due to reliance on traditional variational methods. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Ran Cheng , Lailai Zhu

Data assimilation (DA) estimates the state of an evolving dynamical system from noisy, partial observations, and is widely used in scientific simulation as well as weather and climate science. In practice, filtering methods rely on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Yixuan Jia , Siyi Chen , Yida Pan , Xiao Li , Lianghe Shi , Chanyong Jung , Haijie Yuan , Ismail Alkhouri , Yue Cynthia Wu , Saiprasad Ravishankar , Jeffrey A Fessler , Qing Qu

Data assimilation (DA) integrates observations with a dynamical model to estimate states of PDE-governed systems. Model-driven methods (e.g., Kalman, particle) presuppose full knowledge of the true dynamics, which is not always satisfied in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-06 Siyi Chen , Yixuan Jia , Qing Qu , He Sun , Jeffrey A Fessler

We review the field of data assimilation (DA) from a Bayesian perspective and show that, in addition to its by now common application to state estimation, DA may be used for model selection. An important special case of the latter is the…

Applications · Statistics 2017-04-05 Alberto Carrassi , Marc Bocquet , Alexis Hannart , Michael Ghil

Data assimilation (DA) aims at forecasting the state of a dynamical system by combining a mathematical representation of the system with noisy observations taking into account their uncertainties. State of the art methods are based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Pierre Boudier , Anthony Fillion , Serge Gratton , Selime Gürol , Sixin Zhang

Advances in data assimilation (DA) methods have greatly improved the accuracy of Earth system predictions. To fuse multi-source data and reconstruct the nonlinear evolution missing from observations, geoscientists are developing…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Qingyu Zheng , Guijun Han , Wei Li , Lige Cao , Gongfu Zhou , Haowen Wu , Qi Shao , Ru Wang , Xiaobo Wu , Xudong Cui , Hong Li , Xuan Wang

This work integrates ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) with the energy-aware hybrid modeling approach, applied to a three-layer quasi-geostrophic (QG) model of the Gulf Stream flow. Building on prior DA success in the QG channel regime,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-03 Igor Shevchenko , Dan Crisan

A method of data assimilation (DA) is employed to estimate electrophysiological parameters of neurons simultaneously with their synaptic connectivity in a small model biological network. The DA procedure is cast as an optimization, with a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-05 Eve Armstrong

Data assimilation (DA) aims at optimally merging observational data and model outputs to create a coherent statistical and dynamical picture of the system under investigation. Indeed, DA aims at minimizing the effect of observational and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-01-05 Yumeng Chen , Alberto Carrassi , Valerio Lucarini

Data assimilation (DA) addresses the problem of sequentially estimating the state of a dynamical system from noisy and incomplete observations. In this work, we employ a diffusion model as a world model to simulate and predict the system's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Lifu Wei , Yinuo Ren , Naichen Shi , Yiping Lu

Data assimilation (DA) is a fundamental computational technique that integrates numerical simulation models and observation data on the basis of Bayesian statistics. Originally developed for meteorology, especially weather forecasting, DA…

Using a very cheap Data Assimilation (DA) method, I show an alternative approach to classical DA for numerical climate models which produce a large amount of "big data". The problematic features of state-of-the-art high resolution Regional…

Applications · Statistics 2016-10-12 Bijan Fallah

A novel strategy is proposed to improve the accuracy of state estimation and reconstruction from low-fidelity models and sparse data from sensors. This strategy combines ensemble Data Assimilation (DA) and Machine Learning (ML) tools,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-31 Miguel M. Valero , Marcello Meldi
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