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Contrastive Learning (CL) has been successfully applied to classification and other downstream tasks related to concrete concepts, such as objects contained in the ImageNet dataset. No attempts seem to have been made so far in applying this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Daniel N. Nissani

We investigate the complexity of isomorphism relations for classes of finitely generated and n-generated computably enumerable (c.e.) algebras, presented via c.e. presentations -- that is, as quotients of term algebras over decidable sets…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Meng-Che "Turbo" Ho , Martin Ritter , Luca San Mauro

Thirty original and collected problems, puzzles, and paradoxes in mathematics and physics are explained in this paper, taught by the author to the elementary and high school teachers at the University of New Mexico - Gallup in 1997-8 and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Florentin Smarandache

Identifying the relevant physics principles is a central component of problem solving. A major goal of most introductory physics courses is to help students discern the deep similarities between problems based upon the physics principles so…

Physics Education · Physics 2016-02-23 Shih-Yin Lin , Chandralekha Singh

Infographics are a form of data visualization combining data, information, and statistics. Over the last ten years, infographics have become a popular method for displaying concise information, where infographics are a useful tool for…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-11-28 Ivan Sudakov , Thomas Bellsky , Svetlana Usenyuk , Victoria Polyakova

This note is purely expository. The statement of the Gauss theorem on the constructibility of regular polygons by means of compass and ruler is simple and well-known. However, its proofs given in most textbooks rely upon much unmotivated…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-09-10 A. Skopenkov

Scientists have long aimed to discover meaningful formulae which accurately describe experimental data. A common approach is to manually create mathematical models of natural phenomena using domain knowledge, and then fit these models to…

\textit{Let $E$ be an infinite set on which a property $(\bf P)$ is defined. Suppose that $E=\cup_{i\in I} E_i$ is a partition, where each $E_i$ is infinite. Suppose also that, in each $E_i$, the number of elements satisfying $(\bf P)$ is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Mohamed Ayad , Omar Kihel

Developing methods of automated inference that are able to provide users with compelling human-readable justifications for why the answer to a question is correct is critical for domains such as science and medicine, where user trust and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Peter A. Jansen , Elizabeth Wainwright , Steven Marmorstein , Clayton T. Morrison

Consider the following story: A teacher announces to her students a test for the following week, such that the test will be ``surprising''. The students use this as the basis for a ``logical derivation'' and reach a contradiction, which…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Martin Dietzfelbinger

Graph and network visualization supports exploration, analysis and communication of relational data arising in many domains: from biological and social networks, to transportation and powergrid systems. With the arrival of AI-based…

In this paper we examine some natural ideal conditions and show how graphs can be defined that give a visualization of these conditions. We examine the interplay between the multiplicative ideal theory and the graph theoretic structure of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-03-02 Saba al-Kaseasbeh , Jim Coykendall

In this paper, we analyse the question of existence of a natural and projectively equivariant symbol calculus, using the theory of projective Cartan connections. We establish a close relationship between the existence of such a natural…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. Mathonet , F. Radoux

Weinstein's[2] brilliant short proof of de Branges'[1] theorem can be made yet much shorter(modulo routine calculations), completely elementary (modulo L\"owner theory), self contained(no need for the esoteric Legendre polynomials' addition…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Shalosh B. Ekhad , Doron Zeilberger

We designed three color-coding schemes to identify related information across representations and to differentiate distinct information within a representation in slide-based instruction for calculus-based introductory mechanics. We found…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-11-25 Brianna S. Dillon Thomas , Scott Carr , Siming Guo

Let n,d be positive integers, with d even (say d=2e). Let X_(n,d) denote the locus of degree d hypersurfaces in P^n which consist of two e-fold hyperplanes. We bound the regularity of the ideal of this variety. Moreover, we show that this…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Abdelmalek Abdesselam , Jaydeep Chipalkatti

{\bf In the fourth extended version of this article, we provide a comprehensive historical survey of 200 different proofs of famous Euclid's theorem on the infinitude of prime numbers (300 {\small B.C.}--2022)}. The author is trying to…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Romeo Meštrović

The motivation for this paper comes out of our experience with teaching natural deduction (ND) and with the way this formal system is implemented by the \textsc{Coq} proof assistant, namely by means of so-called tactics, which are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-07-15 Favio E. Miranda-Perea , P. Selene Linares-Arévalo , Atocha Aliseda

While proof is a central component of postsecondary mathematical study, proof construction has historically posed significant difficulties for students who intend to earn mathematics degrees at the undergraduate level. This work is…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Bolanle Salaam

Shepard's universal law of generalization is a remarkable hypothesis about how intelligent organisms should perceive similarity. In its broadest form, the universal law states that the level of perceived similarity between a pair of stimuli…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-16 Raja Marjieh , Nori Jacoby , Joshua C. Peterson , Thomas L. Griffiths