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The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most prominent combinatorial optimization problems. Given a complete graph G = (V, E) and non-negative distances d for every edge, the TSP asks for a shortest tour through all vertices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Ulrich Pferschy , Rostislav Stanek

The Traveling Salesperson problem asks for the shortest cyclic tour visiting a set of cities given their pairwise distances and belongs to the NP-hard complexity class, which means that with all known algorithms in the worst case instances…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-10-18 Hendrik Schawe , Alexander K. Hartmann

In the bipartite travelling salesman problem (BTSP), we are given $n=2k$ cities along with an $n\times n$ distance matrix and a partition of the cities into $k$ red and $k$ blue cities. The task is to find a shortest tour which alternately…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Vladimir G. Deineko , Bettina Klinz , Gerhard J. Woeginger

We revisit the traveling salesman problem with neighborhoods (TSPN) and propose several new approximation algorithms. These constitute either first approximations (for hyperplanes, lines, and balls in $\mathbb{R}^d$, for $d\geq 3$) or…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-11-26 Adrian Dumitrescu , Csaba D. Tóth

We consider the traveling salesman problem when the cities are points in R^d for some fixed d and distances are computed according to geometric distances, determined by some norm. We show that for any polyhedral norm, the problem of finding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Alexander Barvinok , Sandor P. Fekete , David S. Johnson , Arie Tamir , Gerhard J. Woeginger , Russ Woodroofe

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a popular NP-hard-combinatorial optimization problem that requires finding the optimal way for a salesman to travel through different cities once and return to the initial city. The existing methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Kapil Goswami , Gagan Anekonda Veereshi , Peter Schmelcher , Rick Mukherjee

Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the unsolved problems in computer science. TSP is NP Hard. Till now the best approximation ratio found for symmetric TSP is three by two by Christofides Algorithm more than forty years ago. There…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Alok Chauhan , Madhusudan Verma

An important variant of the classic Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is the Dynamic TSP, in which a system with dynamic constraints is tasked with visiting a set of n target locations (in any order) in the shortest amount of time. Such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Aviv Adler , Oren Gal , Sertac Karaman

In the maximum traveling salesman problem (Max TSP) we are given a complete undirected graph with nonnegative weights on the edges and we wish to compute a traveling salesman tour of maximum weight. We present a fast combinatorial $\frac…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-22 Szymon Dudycz , Jan Marcinkowski , Katarzyna Paluch , Bartosz Rybicki

The traveling salesman problem is one of the most studied combinatorial optimization problems, because of the simplicity in its statement and the difficulty in its solution. We characterize the optimal cycle for every convex and increasing…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-05-23 Sergio Caracciolo , Andrea Di Gioacchino , Marco Gherardi , Enrico M. Malatesta

Consider~\(n\) nodes~\(\{X_i\}_{1 \leq i \leq n}\) distributed independently across~\(N\) cities contained with the unit square~\(S\) according to a distribution~\(f.\) Each city is modelled as an~\(r_n \times r_n\) square contained…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-10 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

In the traveling salesman problem, one must find the length of the shortest closed tour visiting given ``cities''. We study the stochastic version of the problem, taking the locations of cities and the distances separating them to be random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 A. G. Percus

The Metric Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classical NP-hard optimization problem. The double-tree shortcutting method for Metric TSP yields an exponentially-sized space of TSP tours, each of which approximates the optimal solution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-07-16 Vladimir Deineko , Alexander Tiskin

We study the metric $s$-$t$ path Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). [An, Kleinberg, and Shmoys, STOC 2012] improved on the long standing $\frac{5}{3}$-approximation factor and presented an algorithm that achieves an approximation factor of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Zhihan Gao

In this work we revisit the Hopfield-Tank algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) and report encouraging results, with a different dynamics, that makes the algorithm more efficient finding better solutions in much less…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Argollo de Menezes , T. J. P. Penna

The Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (MTSP) extends the traveling salesman problem by assigning multiple salesmen to visit a set of targets from a common depot, with each target visited exactly once while minimizing total tour length. A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Abhay Singh Bhadoriya , Deepjyoti Deka , Kaarthik Sundar

We show that the problem of counting the number of 2-optimal tours in instances of the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP) on complete graphs is #P-complete. In addition, we show that the expected number of 2-optimal tours in random…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Bodo Manthey , Jesse van Rhijn

We study a new version of the Traveling Salesperson Problem, called \VectorTSP, where the traveler is subject to discrete acceleration constraints, as defined in the paper-and-pencil game Racetrack (also known as Vector Racer). In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Arnaud Casteigts , Mathieu Raffinot , Mikhail Raskin , Jason Schoeters

The Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) is one of the best-known combinatorial optimisation problems. However, many real-world problems are composed of several interacting components. The Traveling Thief Problem (TTP) addresses such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Jakob Bossek , Aneta Neumann , Frank Neumann

A recently formulated statistical mechanics method is used to study the phase transition occurring in a generalisation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) known as the centred TSP. The method shows that the problem has clear signs of a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 David Lancaster