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A classical and quantum mechanical generalized second law of thermodynamics in cosmology implies constraints on the effective equation of state of the universe in the form of energy conditions, obeyed by many known cosmological solutions,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Ram Brustein

We present a systematic procedure to derive a quantum master equation for thermal relaxation in real scalar field theory, expanding on the method proposed in [Koide and Nicacio, Phys. Lett. A494, 129277 (2024)]. We begin by introducing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 T. Koide , F. Nicacio

The Brownian motion of a harmonically bound quantum particle and coupled to a harmonic quantum bath is exactly solvable. At low enough temperatures the stationary state is non-Gibbsian due to an entanglement with the bath. This happens when…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen , Armen E. Allahverdyan

By solving the exact master equation of open quantum systems, we formulate the quantum thermodynamics from weak to strong couplings. The open quantum systems exchange matters, energies and information with their reservoirs through quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Wei-Ming Huang , Wei-Min Zhang

Quantum-Induced Stochastic Dynamics arises from the coupling between a classical system and a quantum environment. Unlike standard thermal reservoirs, this environment acts as a dynamic bath, capable of simultaneously exchanging heat and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-12 Pedro V. Paraguassú

We describe our recent proposal of a path integral formulation of classical Hamiltonian dynamics. Which leads us here to a new attempt at hybrid dynamics, which concerns the direct coupling of classical and quantum mechanical degrees of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-11 H-T Elze , G Gambarotta , F Vallone

Classical dynamics is formulated as a Hamiltonian flow on phase space, while quantum mechanics is formulated as a unitary dynamics in Hilbert space. These different formulations have made it difficult to directly compare quantum and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. J. Scott , G. J. Milburn

The purely relaxational non-equilibrium dynamics of the quantum spherical model as described through a Lindblad equation is analysed. It is shown that the phenomenological requirements of reproducing the exact quantum equilibrium state as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Sascha Wald , Gabriel T. Landi , Malte Henkel

We consider continuously monitored quantum systems and introduce definitions of work and heat along individual quantum trajectories that are valid for coherent superpositions of energy eigenstates. We use these quantities to extend the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-22 Jose Joaquin Alonso , Eric Lutz , Alessandro Romito

We study a quantum oscillator interacting and back-reacting on a classical oscillator. This can be done consistently provided the quantum system decoheres, while the backreaction has a stochastic component which causes the classical system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Muhammad Sajjad , Andrea Russo , Maite Arcos , Andrzej Grudka , Jonathan Oppenheim

A formulation of quantum-classical hybrid dynamics is presented, which concerns the direct coupling of classical and quantum mechanical degrees of freedom. It is of interest for applications in quantum mechanical approximation schemes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-15 Hans-Thomas Elze

Second law of thermodynamics imposes that in any thermodynamic process the entropy production must be nonnegative. In continuum physics such a requirement is fulfilled by postulating the constitutive equations which represent the material…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-02-03 V. A. Cimmelli , P. Rogolino

We study the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of a single particle with two available energy levels, in contact with a classical (Maxwell-Boltzmann) or quantum (Bose-Einstein) heat bath. The particle can undergo transitions between the levels…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-30 Niraj Kumar , Christian Van den Broeck , Massimiliano Esposito , Katja Lindenberg

Quantum Thermodynamics is a continuous dialogue between two independent theories: Thermodynamics and Quantum Mechanics. Whenever the two theories addressed the same phenomena new insight has emerged. We follow the dialogue from equilibrium…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-04 Robert Alicki , Ronnie Kosloff

The time evolution of an extended quantum system can be theoretically described in terms of the Schwinger-Keldysh functional integral formalism, whose action conveniently encodes the information about the dynamics. We show here that the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-11 L. M. Sieberer , A. Chiocchetta , A. Gambassi , U. C. Täuber , S. Diehl

The effects of quantum and thermal corrections on the dynamics of a damped nonlinearly kicked harmonic oscillator are studied. This is done via the Quantum Langevin Equation formalism working on a truncated moment expansion of the density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Rodriguez-Achach , G. Perez , H. Cerdeira

This work is concerned with our recently developed formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. This formalism extends the classical irreversible thermodynamics which leads to classical thermodynamics and can not describe physical phenomena…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-09-06 Zaibao Yang , Wen-An Yong , Yi Zhu

Open quantum systems interact with their environment, leading to nonunitary dynamics. We investigate the thermodynamics of linear Open Quantum Walks (OQWs), a class of quantum walks whose dynamics is entirely driven by the environment. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Pedro Linck Maciel , Nadja Kolb Bernardes

Classical simulation of quantum systems plays an important role in the study of many-body phenomena and in the benchmarking and verification of quantum technologies. Exact simulation is often limited to small systems because the dimension…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Dominik S. Wild , Sabina Drăgoi , Corbin McElhanney , Jonathan Wurtz , Sheng-Tao Wang

This review provides a brief and quick introduction to the quantum Langevin equation for an oscillator, while focusing on the steady-state thermodynamic aspects. A derivation of the quantum Langevin equation is carefully outlined based on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-19 Aritra Ghosh , Malay Bandyopadhyay , Sushanta Dattagupta , Shamik Gupta