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Medical large vision-language Models (Med-LVLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications but suffer from factual inaccuracies and unreliable outputs, posing risks in real-world diagnostics. While RAG has emerged as a potential solution,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhe Chen , Yusheng Liao , Zhiyuan Zhu , Haolin Li , Hongcheng Liu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) achieve optimal utility when their responses are grounded in external knowledge sources. However, real-world documents, such as annual reports, scientific papers, and clinical guidelines, frequently combine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Chi Zhang , Qiyang Chen , Mengqi Zhang

Visually rich documents (VRDs) challenge retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with layout-dependent semantics, brittle OCR, and evidence spread across complex figures and structured tables. This survey examines how Multimodal Large Language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xiantao Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods augment the input of Large Language Models (LLMs) with relevant retrieved passages, reducing factual errors in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, contemporary RAG approaches suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Dian Jiao , Li Cai , Jingsheng Huang , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Large Language Models are increasingly being used for various tasks including content generation and as chatbots. Despite their impressive performances in general tasks, LLMs need to be aligned when applying for domain specific tasks to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-02 S. S. Manathunga , Y. A. Illangasekara

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) is dominated by a retrieve-then-reason paradigm, where context is retrieved using heuristics and then reasoned over. Such methods struggle to adapt to the query-specific logic required for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Larnell Moore , Naihao Deng , Rada Mihalcea , Farnaz Jahanbakhsh

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enriches large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge for long-context understanding and multi-hop reasoning, but existing methods face a granularity dilemma: fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaxiong Wu , Jianyuan Bo , Yongyue Zhang , Sheng Liang , Yong Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is instrumental for inhibiting hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) through the use of a factual knowledge base (KB). Although PDF documents are prominent sources of knowledge, text-based RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Ezzeldin Shereen , Dan Ristea , Shae McFadden , Burak Hasircioglu , Vasilios Mavroudis , Chris Hicks

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing the quality of responses in Question-Answering (QA) tasks. However, existing approaches often struggle with retrieving contextually relevant information,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Tianyi Yang , Nashrah Haque , Vaishnave Jonnalagadda , Yuya Jeremy Ong , Zhehui Chen , Yanzhao Wu , Lei Yu , Divyesh Jadav , Wenqi Wei

A Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)-based question-answering (QA) system enhances a large language model's knowledge by retrieving relevant documents based on user queries. Discrepancies between user queries and document phrasings often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Qi Wang , Yixuan Cao , Yifan Liu , Jiangtao Zhao , Ping Luo

Despite recent advances in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for video understanding, effectively understanding long-form video content remains underexplored due to the vast scale and high complexity of video data. Current RAG approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Nianbo Zeng , Haowen Hou , Fei Richard Yu , Si Shi , Ying Tiffany He

We present DynaRAG, a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework designed to handle both static and time-sensitive information needs through dynamic knowledge integration. Unlike traditional RAG pipelines that rely solely on static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Penghao Liang , Mengwei Yuan , Jianan Liu , Jing Yang , Xianyou Li , Weiran Yan , Yichao Wu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show great promise for complex document understanding, yet their development is critically hampered by inadequate evaluation. Current benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Wenxuan Shen , Mingjia Wang , Yaochen Wang , Dongping Chen , Junjie Yang , Yao Wan , Weiwei Lin

Large language models often encounter challenges with static knowledge and hallucinations, which undermine their reliability. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates these issues by incorporating external information. However, user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Zhicong Li , Jiahao Wang , Zhishu Jiang , Hangyu Mao , Zhongxia Chen , Jiazhen Du , Yuanxing Zhang , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Yong Liu

Advancements in model algorithms, the growth of foundational models, and access to high-quality datasets have propelled the evolution of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC). Despite its notable successes, AIGC still faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Penghao Zhao , Hailin Zhang , Qinhan Yu , Zhengren Wang , Yunteng Geng , Fangcheng Fu , Ling Yang , Wentao Zhang , Jie Jiang , Bin Cui

Multimodal retrieval-augmented Generation (MM-RAG) is a key approach for applying large language models (LLMs) and agents to real-world knowledge bases, yet current evaluations are fragmented -- focusing on either text or images in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Xiangyu Peng , Can Qin , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves Large Language Models (LLMs) by retrieving supporting documents into the prompt, but existing methods do not explicitly target queries that require fetching multiple documents with substantially…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4o, Gemini, LLaVA, and Flamingo, have made significant progress in integrating visual and textual modalities, excelling in tasks like visual question answering (VQA), image captioning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Junxiao Xue , Quan Deng , Fei Yu , Yanhao Wang , Jun Wang , Yuehua Li

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) remains challenging for existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs), especially under complex reasoning and multi-step workflows. Current approaches struggle to decompose intricate questions into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Aymen Lassoued , Mohamed Ali Souibgui , Yousri Kessentini

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Graph RAG) effectively builds a knowledge graph (KG) to connect disparate facts across a large document corpus. However, this broad-view approach often lacks the deep structured reasoning needed for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jiaoyang Li , Junhao Ruan , Shengwei Tang , Saihan Chen , Kaiyan Chang , Yuan Ge , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu